User:Bartonleesmith/sandbox

Seam-Shifted Wake (SSW) is an aerodynamic phenomenon involving baseballs. The term was coined in 2019 by Andrew Smith during his work on the phenomenon with Barton L. Smith (no relation) at Utah State University. Nazmus Sakib and John Garrett also contributed to the early work.

The USU group showed that MLB baseball seams, when in specific locations relative to the direction of the ball, force the boundary layer to separate earlier than it normally would. If this occurs on one side of the ball and not on the opposite side, a net force is produced. This force can be similar in magnitude to that caused by spin (i.e. the Magnus effect).

The resultant movement from this effect had been noted by others before and named the "laminar effect" based on a mistaken notion that smooth portions of the ball caused a laminar boundary layer more prone to separation than a turbulent boundary layer. This was most often discussed with respect to 2-seam fastballs.

Data from MLB on pitch spin and movement, which were not available in 2019, now make it clear that SSW effects are present in most pitches.