User:Bbkutato/sandbox

'''Batthyány, III. Boldizsár (Balthasar)''' Güssing?, ca. 1542? - Güssing, 1 February 1590 Hungarian aristocrat, humanist, patron

Biography

Boldizsár III. Batthyány was born around 1542 into one of the wealthiest families in the Kingdom of Hungary of his time (for his biography: Bobory 2009). His great-uncle Ferenc, a relevant political figure, took the matter of B’s education in his own hands and tried his best to prepare him for a successful life at court. B. was first educated by private tutors and then embarked on a cavalier’s tour in Europe, spending years in the Viennese court, and in the service of the Princes Guise in France. In 1560 B., himself a Protestant, was in Amboise when the bloody ambush on the Huguenot conspirators took place (Eckhardt 38). In the course of these formative years, he got acquainted with many influential scholars, some fleeing the Low Countries to settle in Vienna like R. Dodonaeus, O. de Busbecq, and C. Clusius (on his relationship with C.: Bobory 2007; Van Gelder 284-87), and established a fruitful cooperation with the Frankfurt printer Jean Aubry, a key figure in creating his outstanding book collection (Evans 35; Barlay ; Monok-Ötvös-Zvara 41, 44, 45). Apart from personages, he also became familiar with the intellectual currents of the second half of the sixteenth century, deepening his interest in botany, alchemy and becoming part of the res publica litteraria. In 1566, he married Dorica Zrínyi, daughter of #REDIRECT Miklós Zrínyi, the hero of Sziget (d. 1566). B. was appointed Master Royal Purveyor in 1568, and held the position of Transdanubian Captain-General for a few months the same year. In the early 1570s, he started to put down the foundations of his library and created his own intellectual network that included the Styrian aristocrat and mine-owner Sigismund von Herberstein (Bobory 2005), the poet Elias Corvinus, and the physicians Nicolaus Pistalotius and Johannes Homelius, with whom he also embarked on medical-alchemical experiments. Much of their correspondence survives in the National Archives of Hungary (Bobory 2018). B. allowed the printer Johannes Manlius from Ljubljana to settle on his lands and publish mostly Lutheran works, but he also corresponded with István Szegedi Kis, a promulgator of Calvinism in Hungary (Bobory 2009). B. invited the preacher István Beythe to settle on his lands which the Protestant theologian accepted in 1576 and spent the rest of his life in Németújvár, getting involved in the education of B’s only son Ferenc and the botanical work of Clusius on local flora. B. died on Febr 1, 1590 in Németújvár.

Works

1. Works connected to B. While he was not an author, B. played an important role in the making of some highly relevant botanical works, such as the Stirpium nomenclator Pannonicus (1583, Güssing) (new editions: Szabó ), the Codex Clusii (Leiden UL BPL 303; Aumüller-Jeanplong ), the watercolours of which were sponsored by B. (Istvánffi ), the Rariorum plantarum historia (Antwerp, 1601) in the dedication of which C. refers to B., and the Aliquot notae in Garciae aromatum historia (Antwerp, 1582) of C. dedicated to B., his patron and amicus. 2. Letters. Few of B’s own letters of scientific interest survive, some in Leiden (Leiden UL, Codex Vulcanius 101, no. 7, 8, 9, 10, 12) and Br. (Slovenský Národný Archív, Br., Archívy rodu Pálffy; Ústredný pálffyovský archív, Všeobecná rubrika D, Arm. I. Lad. 3. Fasc. 8. No. 393-395). His letters on the day-to-day management issues and family matters are in the National Archives of Hungary, P 1314, archival fond of the Batthyány family. An annotated edition of approximately 300 letters is being prepared for publication (Bobory 2019).

Bibliography

Gyula Istvánffi, A Clusius-Codex mikológiai méltatása adatokkal C. életrajzához [Mycological evaluation of the CC with references to the biography of C.], Budapest, 1900

Sándor Eckhardt, Batthyány Boldizsár a francia udvarban [B. B. in the French court]. Magyarságtudomány 2 (1943): 36-44 R. J. W. Evans, The Wechel Presses. Humanism and Calvinism in Central Europe 1572-1627. Oxford, 1975,1-74

Szabolcs Ö. Barlay, ''400 éves francia levelek és könyvszámlák. Batthyány Boldizsár és Jean Aubry barátsága'' [400 years old letters and book bills. The friendship of B. B. and J. A.]. Magyar Könyvszemle 93 (1977): 156-64

Carolus Clusius’ Fungorum in Pannoniis observatorum brevis historia et Codex Clusii, facs. ed. by S. A. Aumüller and J. Jeanplong, Bp.-Graz, 1983

The Beginnings of Hungarian Ethnobotany, ed. by A. T. Szabó, Szombathely, 1992

István Monok-Péter Ötvös-Edina Zvara. Balthasar Batthyány und seine Bibliothek. Eisenstadt, 2004

Dóra Bobory, ''Batthyány Boldizsár titkos tudománya. Alkímia, botanika, és könyvgyűjtés a tizenhatodik századi Magyarországon'' [The Secret Lore of Boldizsár Batthyány. Alchemy, Botany, and Book Collecting in Sixteenth-Century Hungary]. Budapest: é'Harmattan, 2018

Dóra Bobory, Felician von Herberstein (1540-1590) stájer főúr rövid életrajza és magyar kapcsolatai David Reuss gyászbeszéde alapján [A short biography and the Hungarian connections of the Styrian count F. von H., on the basis of the funeral oration by D. R.]. Lymbus 3 (2005): 5-26 Dóra Bobory, ‘Qui me unice amabat.’ Carolus Clusius and Boldizsár Batthyány. In: ''Carolus Clusius. Towards a Cultural History of a Renaissance Naturalist''. Ed. F. Egmond, P. Hoftijzer and R. Visser. Amsterdam, 2007, 119-144

Dóra Bobory, ''The Sword and the Crucible. Count Boldizsár Batthyány and Natural Philosophy in Sixteenth-century Hungary'', Newcastle-upon-Tyne, 2009 Dóra Bobory, Batthyány Boldizsár és a reformáció [B. B. and the Reformation]. In: ''Szentírás, hagyomány, reformáció. Teológia- és egyháztörténeti tanulmányok'' [Holy Scripture, tradition, Reformation. Studies in theology and ecclesiastical history], ed. B. Romhányi and G. Kendeffy. Budapest, 2009

Esther Van Gelder, ''Tussen hof en keizerskroon. Carolus Clusius en de ontwikkeling van de botanie aan Midden-Europese hoven (1573-1593)'' [Between the court and the Imperial crown. C. C. and the evolution of botany in the Central European courts (1573-1593)]. Ph.D. diss. Leiden University, 2011

Dóra Bobory, Letters of Natural Scientific Interest from the Correspondence of B. B., forthcoming in 2019.