User:Bci2/Ionel Solomon

Ionel Solomon, Member of the French Academy of Sciences since 20 June 1988, Born	8 January 1929, at Iaşi, Romania

Citizenship:	French

Nationality:	French and Romanian

Fields:	physicist

Alma mater: Paris-Sorbonne University, in France

Notable awards:	1958 Grand Prix for Research (with Anatole Abragam and J. Combrisson); 1963 The CNRS Silver Medal; 1969 Robin Prize of the French Physics Society (Societe Francaise de Physique) Ionel Solomon (born 1929) is a French-Romanian physicist, Member of the French Academy of Sciences,CNRS Research Director, and Professor at the Polytechnic School in Paris.

Education
	1949-1951 PhD, Polytechnic School (École Polytechnique) in Paris

Major scientific contributions
Ionel Solomon made major contributions to the fields of:Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR)[1] doi:10.1103/PhysRev.99.559, Solid state physics, Semiconductors[2] , and Photovoltaics[3]. In Nuclear Magnetic Resonance he derived fundamental equations that bear his name, and specify the nuclear spin-echo response and dipole-dipole interactions in solids (the Solomon equations)[4][5]. *	Résonance magnétique (1955-1965) : Découverte de la relaxation dans un système de spins couplés. Magnétomètre terrestre. Détection bolométrique de la résonance.

*	Physique des Semiconducteurs (1966-1976) : L'effet Hall “extraordinaire”. Pompage optique dans les solides. Découverte du transport dépendant des Spins.

*	Silicium amorphe et photovoltaïque (1977-1987) : transport et optique dans le silicium amorphe. Photopiles solaires. Nouveaux matériaux amorphes.

*	Recherche matériaux (depuis 1989) : fibres carbone, fibres SiC et SiCN. Photoluminescence et électroluminescence dans les semiconducteurs et dispositifs.

*	I. Solomon. "Amorphous Semiconductors", In Topics in Applied Physics, Ed. Springer Verlag, Berlin (1979).

*	I. Solomon. Relaxation Processes in a System of Two Spins. Phys. Rev. 99, 559 (1955)

*	I. Solomon, M.P. Schmidt, H. Tran Quoc. Selective low-power plasma decomposition of silane-methane mixtures for the preparation of methylated amorphous silicon. Phys. Rev. B38, 9895 (1988)

*	I. Solomon, B. Drevillon, H. Shirai, N. Layadi. Plasma deposition of microcrystalline silicon: the selective etching model.,J. Non-crystalline Solids, 164-166, p. 989 (1993).

*	K. Rerbal, F. Jomard, J.-N. Chazalviel, F. Ozanam, I. Solomon. Visible luminescence of porous amorphous Si(1-x) Cx:H due to selective dissolution of silicon. Appl. Phys. lett. 83, p. 45 (2003)

*	K. Kerbral, J.N. Chazalviel, F. Ozanam, I. Solomon. Temperature dependence of photoluminescence in amorphous Si1-xCx:H films. Eur. Phys. J. B51, p. 61 (2006).

Scientific career
* 1951-1952 Research Fellow at the University of Liverpool, UK

* 1955-1956 Research Fellow at Harvard University, USA

* 1953-1962 Researcher in the resonance Group of the Atomic Energy Commission (Commissariat Energie Atomique in Saclay)

* 1962 Director of the Laboratory for Condensed Matter (Solid-State) Physics (Laboratoire de Physique de la Matiére Condensée), at the Polytechnic School in Paris

* 1962 Head of Research at C.N.R.S.

* 1962 Head of Conferences

* 1968 CNRS Research Director

* 1973-1976 Physics Departement Head at the Polytechnic School in Paris 1973-1974 President of the Societé Française de Physique (the French Physics Society).

* 1975-1979 Professor, at the Polytechnic School in Paris

* 1976 Invited Visiting Professor at the Xerox Research Center, Palo Alto,USA

* 1980 Invited Visiting Professor at Tokyo University

* 1981-1985 Founder and Scientific Director of SOLEMS Company

* 1987 President of the Scientific Council of PHOTOTRONICS (a French-German Company for photovoltaic products)

	Laboratory of Condensed Matter Physics
 * 1988, June 22, Elected Member of the Physics Institute of the French Academy of Sciences[6]

Awards and prizes
* In 1958 Grand Prix for Research (with Anatole Abragam and J. Combrisson)

* In 1963 The CNRS Silver Medal

* In 1969 Robin Prize of the French Physics Society (Societe Francaise de Physique)

* In 1972 Holweck Prize of the Institute of Physics and S.F.P (French Physics Society)

* In 1981 The Y. Peyches Prize of the Academy of Sciences

References cited

 * 1.	^ Résonance magnétique (1955-1965) : Découverte de la relaxation dans un système de spins couplés. Magnétomètre terrestre. Détection bolométrique de la résonance.
 * 2.	^ Physique des Semiconducteurs (1966-1976) : L'effet Hall “extraordinaire”. Pompage optique dans les solides. Découverte du transport dépendant des Spins.
 * 3.	^ Silicium amorphe et photovoltaïque (1977-1987) : transport et optique dans le silicium amorphe. Photopiles solaires. Nouveaux matériaux amorphes.
 * 4.	^ http://planetphysics.org/encyclopedia/IonelSolomon.html Biography of physicist Ionel Solomon
 * 5.	^ I. Solomon. Relaxation Processes in a System of Two Spins. Phys. Rev. 99: 559 (1955)
 * 6.	^ http://www.academie-sciences.fr/membres/S/liste_alphabetique_S.htm Members of the French Academy of Sciences

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