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La Chapelle is a former commune of the Seine department, which existed from 1790 to 1860 before being incorporated into Paris. It was called “La Chapelle-Franciade” during the French Revolution. It is sometimes called “La Chapelle-Saint-Denis” or “La Chapelle-Sainte-Geneviève”. Boundaries of the commune of La Chapelle applied to the 2015 map. The village of La Chapelle lies on a natural pass between the hills of Montmartre and Belleville, on the ancient road linking Lutetia to the north, where Saint Geneviève decided to build an oratory in honor of Saint-Denis. For centuries, it was the scene of the processions of the kings of France who left to wage war in the northern lands or, later, to be buried in the abbey of Saint-Denis, as well as those of the monarchs of the north who entered Paris in peace or war. As a result, the town's commercial and craft activities turned to trades linked to this busy thoroughfare: innkeepers, wheelwrights, and blacksmiths. Beyond the road, however, the fields and plains supplied the capital with fruit and vegetables, wheat and oats, and, thanks to the few vines on the Goutte d'Or or other suitable land. This wine gave its name to this hamlet located to the southwest, outside the parish of La Chapelle. Several markets and fairs followed one another, giving the village its reputation, including the famous Lendit fair and cattle market.

The bailliage of La Chapelle, dependent on Saint-Denis, administered the seigneury from the Middle Ages until the Revolution, with rights of justice, police, and tithe collection. Often devastated by frequent assaults on Paris, both during the Wars of Religion and the Fronde, in 1429 the village was the starting point for Joan of Arc's unsuccessful attempt to liberate Paris. From the 17th century onwards, its “guinguettes” (dance halls) gave it a new appeal.

In 1790, the Convention annexed the Goutte d'Or and the faubourg de Gloire to the parish to form the commune of La Chapelle. In January 1791, the so-called Massacre de La Chapelle took place there, causing quite a stir in Paris.

In the first half of the 19th century, urban transformation began, with the massive arrival of people who had come to work in Paris but were too poor to afford housing. The new Northern and Eastern railroads built between 1843 and 1846, and their associated workshops and depots rapidly replaced the fields.

As the government was unable to control the spontaneous growth of the Paris conurbation, Baron Haussmann proposed the absorption of the capital's outlying communes, and La Chapelle was largely integrated into the new 18th arrondissement of Paris, created in 1860, with the north divided between Saint-Denis, Saint-Ouen, and Aubervilliers, marking the end of any autonomous municipal life and the disappearance of the village as such.

Parish
From the beginning of the 14th century, the village of La Chapelle-Saint-Denis was concentrated around and to the south of the church of Saint-Denys. Its approximate boundaries are :


 * to the north, chaussée de Montmartre (now rue Marcadet), Chemin de la Tournelle (now rue Riquet) and the neighborhood around the church ;
 * to the east, chemin des Vertus (today rue d'Aubervilliers);
 * to the south, a line joining Chemin du Bailly (today Boulevard Barbès), leaving the Goutte-d'Or district;
 * to the west, Chemin de la Marée (today rue des Poissonniers).

Commune
The commune of La Chapelle borders Montmartre, Saint-Ouen, Saint-Denis, Aubervilliers, La Villette and two of the twelve urban arrondissements of Paris:


 * the former 3rd arrondissement of Paris (Faubourg-Poissonnière district) ;
 * the former 5th arrondissement of Paris (Faubourg-Saint-Denis district).

It is bounded:


 * to the west by rue des Poissonniers, which separates it from the commune of Montmartre ;
 * to the east by rue d'Aubervilliers, which separates it from the commune of La Villette;
 * to the north, by Chemin de la Procession and the former boundaries with the communes of Saint-Denis and Aubervilliers, which are difficult to identify today due to the development of rail and industrial infrastructures in the Plaine Saint-Denis area;
 * to the south, the Boulevard de la Chapelle, then the Fermiers Généraux wall, connected to Paris via the Poissonnière, Saint-Denis and Vertus barriers.
 * At the time of its construction, Thiers' enceinte divided the commune of La Chapelle from bastion no. 32 to bastion no. 34.

Toponymy
What was probably originally a simple oratory dedicated to Saint Denis since the 5th century was transformed into a chapela 1 and the village took the name of Chapelle Sainte-Geneviève (Capella S Genovesae according to the Pouillé de Paris of the 13th century ). As the village was at the center of a seigneury belonging to the Abbey of Saint-Denis, it was also known as Chapelle Saint-Denis, and the two names were used interchangeably until the seventeenth centuryc 2,h 1,note 2. A document from 1351 reads Chapelle-Saint-Denis-en-Eudon, and in the 15th century, Chapelle Ostrane 3.

After the municipality asked to be called La Réunion, or even La Réunion-Franciade, the village was finally renamed Chapelle-Franciade in 1794note 3,e 4. The commune soon reverted to the name of La Chapelle.

History
Antiquity and the early Middle Ages