User:Behablom

Prevalence of Bovine Trypanosomosis and Their Infection Rate inVector in Sokoru Wereda, Upper Ghibe Valley, Western Ethiopia.
The study was conducted to determine the prevalence of bovine trypanosomosis and infection rate in vector and total of 917 tsetse and other biting flies were caught from 72 deployed monoconical traps during the study period. Out of these, Glossina accounts n= 804(87.67%) and other biting flies includes n=113(12.3%). The apparent fly density was found to be 5.58 flies/trap/day forGlossina species and 0.78 flies/trap/day was accounted for other biting flies. From total of 150 tsetse flies dissected which includes 82 for G. fuscipes and the remaining  68  were G.pallidipes  the  overall  trypanosome  infection  rate  was  6.6%. More trypanosome infections were observed in G pallidipes with an infection rate of (n=9) 6% and for G. fuscipes only (n=1) 0.6%. Generally, 2.66% (or 4/10) of the trypanosome infections carried by the female tsetse were identified as the Duttonella group; which were classified as T. vivax and the 2.2% (3/10) were Nanomonas; “T. congolense type.There was  significant  difference  in  the  proportion  of  tsetse  infected  with  trypanosomes  between  male  and female  flies. Moreover, there  was  a  strongly  significant  difference  (p  =  0.00)  between  hunger  stages  which indicates that there was no infection of trypanosomes in teneral flies as more feeding and engorged flies were highly susceptible. The overall trypanosomosis prevalence was found to be 12.13 % including (n=1) 0.23%,(n=6) 1.38%, (n=26) 5.95% and (n=20) 4.58% Adama, Doyo kobota, Ghibe and Medalle peasant associations respectively was  recorded. High prevalence  was  observed  in  Ghibe  (n=26)  5.95%  while  oppositely,  low trypanosomosis prevalence was observed in Adama (n=1) 0.23%. This study confirmed the presence of T.vivax,T. congolonse and Mixed infection (T.vivax and T. congolonse) with the prevalence of (n=16) 3.67%, (n=33)7.56% and (n=1) 0.23% respectively. This finding indicates that the study sites (PAs) strongly affect the overall prevalence. PCV for all study animals was analyzed to estimate the degree of anemia. The mean PCV of the present finding of parasitemic n=39 (8.9%) was significantly lower than that of aparasitemic animals n=14 (3.2%). Moreover, most  of  parasitemic  cattle  are  anemic  so  that  trypanosomiasis  strongly  cause  anemia. Therefore,vector controlling and treating infected cattle with prophylactic or chemotherapeutic measures should be given to mitigate the problem in the study area.

Key words:G pallidipes, G fuscipes, Infection rate, Prevalence, Trypanosomosis,  Cattle, Sokoru Woreda.