User:Bettydaviseyes89/gap analysis

Gap analysis

 * What is the title of the article in which you identified a gap. If no article exists at all, what should the title be?

For my analysis I tried to look up female artists I knew about to see if their Wikipedia pages existed and had a lot of information. What I found was that, due to my lack of experience with art, many of the artists I knew about were famous enough to have relatively thorough pages. What I began to notice on these pages, though, was the fact that many female artists have entire sections dedicated to their relationships with men. Then, I began to research famous female artists who had relationships with famous men. This was where I found a gap. It turns out that if the men were famous their pages not only had more information about their art and lives (outside of their relationships with women) and the famous women in their lives get a much briefer mention. Based on this information I believe it is safe to conclude that we believe these women were more defined by their men, then the men by their women. In cases like Yoko Ono and John Lennon, we see that Yoko not only had other husbands and was famous in her own right, but that we only really know about her in terms of her relationship with Lennon in popular media. The same can be said about famous artists like Frida Kahlo and Diego Rivera. While Diego, some might say, is equally famous, or even less famous than Frida, their Wipedia pages don’t exemplify that idea. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Lennon https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diego_Rivera https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yoko_Ono https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frida_Kahlo


 * Document the gap you found, describe how you identified it, and analyze its impact on knowledge.

What I recommend is an edit to the above Wikipedia pages. I would like to either include more information about the work and inspiration that these important women had on the lives of the men or I would like to exclude information about the men in the women’s pages. Either both John Lennon and Yoko Ono have equal amounts of information on the other to be included in their page or we have to stop defining female artists by the men in their lives and exclude them from their Wikipedia pages (at least, entire sections dedicated to the relationships). In Diego Rivera’s page his marriage to Frida is listed under “Later Life” to be included with his art and other things. It doesn’t mention that their marriage had problems like affairs, etc. It mostly speaks of his career and artwork. There is also no mention of Frida’s effect on Diego’s work. On the other side, there is an entire section of Frida’s page dedicated to Diego and their “tumultuous” marriage(s). He is also not just listed under the “marriage” section, he is also included in her “Career as painter” section as someone that had “great influence” on her art. While John Lennon’s page references Yoko Ono a lot, it mentions her more in terms of her influence on him and his leaving the beatles. In Yoko Ono’s page there are several sections dedicated to Lennon and not related to art work. Her music career description starts with “Pre-Lennon” as a label. There is a “John Lennon” Section, a “Lennon and Reunion” section, a Lennon’s death section, there is a section called “Public Image” that talks about how she was perceived by people because of the Beatles break-up. There is even a “Relationship to the Beatles” section. You would almost think Yoko Ono wasn’t even an artist in her own right or has had other important relationships with men other than Lennon. If Wikipedia is going to continue to include information about the influence of these men on the women and their influence on their art, then the same information should be included on the pages of these men and the influence Frida and Yoko had on their work as well. My resources will include the Wikipedia pages of the female artists with their information and pages with information about the influence these women had on their men. I would like there to also be better information about Ono and Kahlo’s careers instead of them being defined by these men.


 * Propose a paragraph of new or substantially edited content based on reliable sources. (If you are editing existing content, post the current version along with your edited version, and clearly mark which is which.)

I believe that the below paragraph should be included in Diego Rivera's Wikipedia page:

"Marriage[edit]

As a young artist, Kahlo communicated with the Mexican painter Diego Rivera, whose work she admired, asking him for advice about pursuing art as a career. He recognized her talent[32] and encouraged her artistic development. They began an intimate relationship and were married in 1929, despite the disapproval of Kahlo's mother.

Their marriage was often troubled. Kahlo and Rivera both had irritable temperaments and numerous extramarital affairs. The bisexual Kahlo had affairs with both men and women, including Isamu Noguchi and Josephine Baker;[3] Rivera knew of and tolerated her relationships with women, but her relationships with men made him jealous. For her part, Kahlo was furious when she learned that Rivera had an affair with her younger sister, Cristina. The couple divorced in November 1939, but remarried in December 1940. Their second marriage was as troubled as the first. Their living quarters were often separate, although sometimes adjacent.[33]"

I also believe this paragraph about Yoko Ono and John Lennon's relationship, from Yoko's Wikipedia page, should be a large section in John Lennon's page:

Fluxus, a loose association of Dada-inspired avant-garde artists that developed in the early 1960s, was active in New York and Europe.[13] Ono was invited to London for artist and political activist Gustav Metzger's Destruction in Art Symposium in September 1966, as the only woman artist chosen to perform her own events and only one of two invited to speak.[14]

There are two versions of the story regarding how Lennon met Ono. According to the first, on November 9, 1966, Lennon went to the Indica Gallery in London, where Ono was preparing her conceptual art exhibit, and they were introduced by gallery owner John Dunbar.[15] Lennon was initially unimpressed with the exhibits he saw, including a pricey bag of nails, but one piece had a ladder with a spyglass at the top. When he climbed the ladder, Lennon felt a little foolish, but he looked through the spyglass and saw the word "YES" which he said meant he didn't walk out, as it was positive, whereas most concept art he encountered was "anti" everything.[16]

Ono and Lennon in 1980 Lennon was also intrigued by Ono's Hammer A Nail. Viewers hammered a nail into a wooden board, creating the art piece. Although the exhibition had not yet opened, Lennon wanted to hammer a nail into the clean board, but Ono stopped him. Dunbar asked her, "Don't you know who this is? He's a millionaire! He might buy it." Ono supposedly had not heard of the Beatles, but relented on the condition that Lennon pay her five shillings, to which Lennon replied, "I'll give you an imaginary five shillings and hammer an imaginary nail in."[16][17]

In a second version of Ono's and Lennon's first meeting, told by Paul McCartney, Ono was in London in 1965 compiling original musical scores for a book on which John Cage was working entitled Notations. McCartney declined to give her any of his own manuscripts, but suggested that Lennon might oblige. Lennon did, giving Ono the original handwritten lyrics to "The Word."[18]

In a 2002 interview, she said, "I was very attracted to him. It was a really strange situation."[19] The two began corresponding and, in September 1967, Lennon sponsored Ono's solo show at Lisson Gallery in London.[20] When Lennon's wife Cynthia asked for an explanation for Ono's telephoning their home, he told her that Ono was only trying to obtain money for her "avant-garde bullshit."[21] In early 1968, while the Beatles were making their famous visit to India, Lennon wrote "Julia" and included a reference to Ono: "Ocean child calls me", referring to the translation of Yoko's Japanese spelling.[4] In May 1968, while his wife was on holiday in Greece, Lennon invited Ono to visit. They spent the night recording what would become the Two Virgins album,[20] after which, he said, they "made love at dawn".[22] When Lennon's wife returned home, she found Ono wearing her bathrobe and drinking tea with Lennon who simply said, "Oh, hi."[23]

Lennon wrote and recorded "Happiness Is a Warm Gun" on September 24 and 25, 1968.[24] It contains sexual references toward Ono. A few weeks after Lennon's divorce from Cynthia was granted, Ono became pregnant though she suffered a miscarriage of what would have been a male child on November 21, 1968.[25][26]

I also believe the information about "Yoko's Public life" with regards to how people perceived her because of the Beatles break-up and the section dedicated to her "relationship with the Beatles" should be eliminated from Yoko Ono's page as it is not really relevant to her career. I believe that unless she is noted as very important in the Beatles page, it was already made clear in earlier references how Ono was perceived by the Beatles and their fans.

"Public image[edit] Ono was frequently criticized by the press and the public for many years. She was blamed for the breakup of the Beatles[156][83][157] and repeatedly criticized for her influence over Lennon and his music.[2] Her experimental art was also not popularly accepted.[6] The English press were particularly negative, and prompted the couple's move to the US.[48] As late as December 1999, NME was calling her a "no-talent charlatan",[109] and in October 2013, the mother of tennis pro Andy Murray took over a Twitter handle entitled Destroying Yoko Ono on Twitter.[158]

Her name still connotes the figure of the evil female interloper to the mainstream. Courtney Love, Kurt Cobain's widow, has endlessly been compared to Ono for her supposed bothersome role in Nirvana's businesses and as a scapegoat for Cobain's suicide.[159]

In 2007, when American singer Jessica Simpson was dating Dallas Cowboys quarterback Tony Romo, the Simpson-Romo relationship was blamed for Romo's poor performances. In response, some Cowboys' fans gave her the moniker "Yoko Romo."[160]

In 2012, American country singer-songwriter Taylor Swift was compared to Yoko Ono as her relationship with the lead singer Harry Styles from the British boy band One Direction was leading to tension and conflict within the group.[161] Swift and Styles subsequently broken up (acrimoniously) in early 2013.

In March 2015, Perrie Edwards, member of English girl group Little Mix, was compared to Yoko Ono and criticised for being the supposed reason for Zayn Malik's departure from the British boy band One Direction, creating tension within the group and causing widespread controversy.[162]"

"Relationship with the Beatles[edit] Main article: Break-up of the Beatles According to journalist Barry Miles, after Lennon and Ono had been injured in a car accident in June 1969, partway through recording Abbey Road, a bed was installed in the studio with a microphone so the latter could make artistic comments about the album.[229] Miles thought Ono's continual presence in the studio during the latter part of the Beatles' career put strain on Lennon's relationship with the other band members. George Harrison verbally assaulted her after she took one of his chocolate digestive biscuits without asking.[230] The English press dubbed her "the woman who broke up the Beatles",[156] but Ono has stated that the Beatles broke up themselves without any direct involvement from her, adding "I don't think I could have tried even to break them up."[231] In an interview with Dick Cavett, Lennon explicitly denied that Ono broke up The Beatles[232] and even Harrison said in an interview with Cavett that The Beatles had problems long before Ono came on the scene.[233]

While the Beatles were together, every song written by Lennon or McCartney was credited as Lennon–McCartney regardless of whether the song was a collaboration or written solely by one of the two (except for those appearing on their first album, Please Please Me, which originally credited the songs to McCartney–Lennon). In 1976, McCartney released a live album called Wings over America, which credited the five Beatles tracks as P. McCartney–J. Lennon compositions, but neither Lennon nor Ono objected. After Lennon's death, however, McCartney again attempted to change the order to McCartney–Lennon for songs that were solely or predominantly written by him, such as "Yesterday,"[234] but Ono would not allow it, saying she felt this broke an agreement that the two had made while Lennon was still alive, and the surviving Beatle argued that such an agreement never existed. A spokesman for Ono said McCartney was making "an attempt to rewrite history".[235]

In a Rolling Stone interview in 1987, Ono pointed out McCartney's place in the process of the disintegration of the band.[236] On the 1998 John Lennon anthology, Lennon Legend, the composer credit of "Give Peace a Chance" was changed to "John Lennon" from its original composing credit of "Lennon–McCartney." Although the song was written by Lennon during his tenure with the Beatles, it was both written and recorded without the help of the band, and released as Lennon's first independent single under the "Plastic Ono Band" moniker. Lennon subsequently expressed regret that he had not given co-writing credit to Ono instead, who actually helped him write the song.[28] In 2002, McCartney released another live album, Back in the U.S. Live 2002, and the 19 Beatles songs included are described as "composed by Paul McCartney and John Lennon", which reignited the debate over credits with Ono. Her spokesperson Elliott Mintz called it "an attempt to rewrite history.", but nevertheless, Ono did not sue.[235]

In 1995, after the Beatles released Lennon's "Free as a Bird" and "Real Love", with demos provided by Ono, McCartney and his family collaborated with her and Sean to create the song "Hiroshima Sky is Always Blue", which commemorates the 50th anniversary of the atomic bombing of that Japanese city. Of Ono, McCartney stated: "I thought she was a cold woman. I think that's wrong..... she's just the opposite..... I think she's just more determined than most people to be herself." Two years later, however, Ono publicly compared Lennon to Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, while McCartney, she said, more closely resembled his less-talented rival Antonio Salieri.[237] This remark infuriated McCartney's wife Linda, who was dying from breast cancer at the time, and when Linda died less than a year later, McCartney did not invite Ono to his wife's memorial service in Manhattan.[19]

Accepting an award at the 2005 Q Awards, Ono mentioned that Lennon had once felt insecure about his songwriting. She had responded, "You're a good songwriter. It's not June with spoon that you write. You're a good singer, and most musicians are probably a little bit nervous about covering your songs."[238]

In an October 2010 interview, Ono spoke about Lennon's "lost weekend" and her subsequent reconciliation with him. She credited McCartney with helping save her marriage to John. "I want the world to know that it was a very touching thing that [Paul] did for John."[239] While visiting with Ono in March 1974, McCartney, on leaving, asked "[W]hat will make you come back to John?" McCartney subsequently passed her response to Lennon while visiting him in Los Angeles. "John often said he didn't understand why Paul did this for us, but he did." In 2012, McCartney revealed that he did not blame Ono for the breakup of the Beatles and credited Ono with inspiring much of Lennon's post-Beatles work.[240]"


 * List the reliable sources that could be used to improve this gap. (You can use the Cite tool from the editing toolbar above to input and format your sources.)

"Frida Kahlo Biography, Art, and Analysis of Works." The Art Story. N.p., n.d. Web. 17 Feb. 2016.  "Frida Kahlo." Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, n.d. Web. 17 Feb. 2016. Lindsay Zoladz. "Yoko Ono and the Myth That Deserves to Die." Vulture. N.p., 13 May 2015. Web. 17 Feb. 2016. http://www.vulture.com/2015/05/yoko-ono-one-woman-show.html. Popova, Maria. "How Diego Rivera Met the Fierce Teenage Frida Kahlo and Fell in Love with Her Years Later." Brain Pickings. N.p., 22 May 2014. Web. 17 Feb. 2016. "Yoko Ono." Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, n.d. Web. 17 Feb. 2016. . Sari Gurney. "Aiu: A Yoko Ono Website." Aiu: A Yoko Ono Website. N.p., n.d. Web. 17 Feb. 2016. .