User:Bignyanya/sandbox

wajuba
Healthcare is a science. And that’s as true for nursing as it is for any other aspect of medicine—which is why nursing requires not just a desire to care for patients but an understanding of the processes proven to promote optimum care and recovery. ADPIE is an acronym representing the five phases of the nursing process. Pronounced “add-pie,” it’s considered standard-of-care for nurses and helps them remain professional and .....The five phases are Assessment..Diagnosis...Planning...Implementation...evaluation...assessment When you first encounter a patient, you will be expected to perform an assessment to identify the patient’s health problem(s) as well as their physiological, psychological, and emotional state.

To do this, you will typically conduct an interview and take patient vitals.

To make sure the information you collect is easily referenced by others, you will note all parts of your assessment in the patient’s chartOnce you’ve completed your assessment, you will take all the gathered information into consideration and diagnose the patient’s condition and medical needs.

This doesn’t mean you identify a specific disease or ailment.

Rather, your diagnosis will identify a general cause of symptoms (e.g., constipation, hypothermia, anxiety) and/or any risks the patient faces (e.g., shock, stroke, tissue deathPlanning�Once you, any supervising medical staff, and the patient agree on the diagnosis, you will plan a course of treatment that takes into account short- and long-term goals.

Most treatment plans will include interventions conducted by the medical staff (e.g., suturing, medication prescription, IV fluids) followed by steps taken by the patient to ensure proper recovery. Implementation�Implementation is when you put the treatment plan into effect. This typically begins with the medical staff performing any needed medical interventions.

Then, the patient follows the plan for optimum recovery.

As a nurse, you will be expected to monitor the implementation to ensure the patient is following through.

If they aren’t—or if the follow-through is ineffective—you’ll want to reevaluate the plan. ...evaluation This is the part where the medical professionals assess and evaluate the success of the planning and implementation processes to ensure that the individual is making progress towards his/her goals and is achieving the desired outcome. ASSESSMENT During the assessment phase medical professionals will attempt to identify the problem and establish a data base by interviewing the individual and/or family members, observing their behavior and performing examinations. This step focuses heavily on collecting/recording data, validating information and listing any abnormalities in the data.

subjective or objective. Subjective data is data that can not be measured directlyThis can include verbal information such as asking questions, obtaining verbal feedback, interviewing other individuals and collecting/gathering information on a patients health history. Subjective data is often referred to as symptomatic as it can not be measured or observed directly. Objective data is data that is measurable and can be seen, heard, felt or smelt. This can include performing an examination to measure a patients weight, blood pressure, heart rate and body temperature Because objective data is measurable they are often referred to as signs. During the assessment phase it is important to gather as much data as possible and identify if the data is accurate, concise, consistent and clear. Once you’ve gathered enough accurate data you can form a conclusion about the patients condition and move into the next phase, which is diagnosis. Diagnosis The diagnosis phase of the process is the phase where the medical professional develops a theory or hypothesis about the individuals situation based on the information that has been collected while performing an assessment. While nurses are unable to form a professional diagnosis they are able to develop their critical thinking and communicate their clinical judgments to their team members In fact nurses have a standardized language for communicating their clinical judgments The diagnostic process allows the medical professional to make a determination about the individual and form an opinion on whether it is an physiological, mental or emotional condition, or another situation that the individual is dealing with. While a professional diagnosis may not be given by a nurse these medical professionals are able to identity actual or potential medical /health risks

Planning Planning is the process of developing a plan and establishing SMART goals in order to achieve a desired outcome such as reducing pain or improving cardiovascular function. SMART goals stand for specific, measurable, attainable, realistic/relevant and time restricted. SMART goals are developed to provide the individual with a focused set of activities that are designed to improve their condition. They also provide medical professionals with a plan in which they can measure and evaluate the individuals improvements. Goals may be short-term or long-term, should be singular in nature and must focus on the individual outcome. Upon developing smart goals the medical professional should determine whether or not the goals are a good fit for the individual and able to be easily attained. In addition to creating SMART goals a care plan and intervention strategies should also be developed and communicated to the team in order to maximize the success of the plan. A care plan should involve the steps and strategies that need to be taken in order to achieve the desired goal.

Intervention strategies are developed to help keep the individual on track and may be communicated to the individual and/or medical team or performed directly by a member of the medical team as part of the treatment. After the care plan, interventions and SMART goals have been established it needs to be implemented

Implementation The implementation phase of the process is the actionable part of the process where the individual and medical team implement the care plan, SMART goals and interventions so that the individual can achieve their goals and the process can be evaluated and measured. The implementation phase may be performed using a combination of direct care and indirect care. Direct care is care that is given directly to the patient in either a physical or verbal manner. Direct care may include assisting the patient with mobility, performing physical care and range of motion exercises with the patient and assisting with daily living activities. It may also include coaching, counseling and providing feedback to the individual. Indirect care is care that is given while away from the patient. Indirect care may include monitoring / supervising the medical staff, delegating responsibilities and advocating on behalf of the individuals you care for. While implementing the care plan it is important for the medical professional to use critical judgement and question procedures in the care plan in order to ensure that they appropriately meet the demands and concerns of the individuals receiving the care Steps or procedures that appear to be inappropriate, non-actionable or questionable should be questioned and reevaluated with the medical staff and the individual receiving the care plan in order to ensure it is safe and aligns with the medical teams/individuals goals Evaluation The last phase of the process is the evaluation phase. This is the part where the medical professionals assess and evaluate the success of the planning and implementation processes to ensure that the individual is making progress towards his/her goals and is achieving the desired outcome. Evaluate if the process is working and identify what is bringing the individual closer to his/her goals If the process is not working reassess it and determine whether it needs to be modifying or eliminated. Evaluations should be performed throughout the ADPIE process on a regular basis in order to assess the plan and make adjustments when they need to be made. By performing regular evaluations medical professionals can determine the appropriate course of action, identify potential errors and ensure that the process is working as smoothly as possible.