User:Binkman1/annotatedbib

"Designer Sperm Passes Selected Genes to Future Generations." GEN. N.p., 3 Dec. 2013. Web

This article talks about how a Royal Veterinary College in the UK conducted an experiment through which they used a viral vector to place genetic material in mouse spermatozoa.This article contains both useful information about uses of genetically modified sperm in animals and specifics concerning the process of making genetically modified sperm. This source will be very useful in expanding the stub.

"GM Sperm 'is Possible in Humans'" BBC News. BBC, 27 Jan. 2004. Web. 13 Mar. 2015.

This article discusses the possibility of the viability of genetically modified sperm in humans. It cites an instance of how Japanese and US researchers were able to insert foreign DNA into zebrafish sperm cells and successfully produce offspring carrying the mutation. It touches on potential ramifications of human germline modification as it is passed from generation to generation. This article provides a solid review of a relevant experiment, while also touching upon some ethical aspects; it is a valuable source.

Hanna, Kathi E. "Germline Gene Transfer." National Human Genome Research Institute.

National Institutes of Health, Mar. 2006. Web. 12 Mar. 2015.

Hanna writes of the scientific and ethical issues of germline gene transfer, a technique used in modified in both somatic and germ cells. As an official article in the National Institutes of Health website, this source presents well-researched and presumably unbiased look into the topic, both from a scientific and societal aspect.

Knapton, Sarah. "Robert Winston: My Research Could Open Door to 'risky' Eugenics." The

Telegraph. Telegraph Media Group, 6 June 2014. Web. 12 Mar. 2015.

In her article, Knapton interviews British scientist Robert Winston about the potential implications of his research in genetic modification of sperm. Knapton’s interview raises a number of important ethical and political questions regarding the topic, particularly about the use of such technology in North Korea or the general public. This source is helpful in gauging researchers’ opinions on the topic, as well as the nature of the questions relevant to the media and audience of the newspaper.

Rasko, John E. J., Gabrielle O'Sullivan, and Rachel A. Ankeny. "Inheritable Genetic

Modification: Clinical Applications and Genetic Counseling Considerations." The Ethics

of Inheritable Genetic Modification: A Dividing Line? Cambridge: New York, 2006.

223-41. Print.

This chapter discusses the ethical implications and debate surrounding inheritable genetic modification in the scientific community, as well as its implications in society and public policy. As a secondary source with numerous citations from primary and secondary papers on the topic, this chapter presents a reliable interpretation and nature of the controversies about genetic modification. This source was helpful in understanding the arguments for and against the use of genetic modification, especially when it has inheritable effects.

Wolf, Don P., and Mary Zelinski-Wooten. "Intractyoplasmic Sperm Injection or Conventional

Fertilization to Maximize the Number of Viable Embryos." Assisted Fertilization and Nuclear

Transfer in Mammals. Totowa, NJ: Humana, 2001. 123-32. Print.

The authors discuss the ability of Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection (ICSI) to maximize the number of viable embryos. ICSI is a complex process through which an embryologist selects a singular sperm and injects it into a specific egg. The chapter highlights ICSI’s indications in relation to male infertility, embryo quality, and cytoplasmic transfer, among many other related processes that concern the mechanics of ICSI. The chapter goes on to talk about other aspects and their implications such as genetic diagnosis, use of frozen-thawed oocytes, and sperm collection from different locations. This source, overall, was not helpful in the sense that it did not directly discuss genetically modified sperm. However, it can be a key source of information when forming and expanding the more general aspects of the Wikipedia stub.