User:Bintush

Rebels of Bengal

Indian natives started to accumulate their own capital from the beginning of eighteenth century. It flourished quite a lot within the end of that time period. Rich Indian businessmen emerged as a class with tea, jute and cloth industries in spite of all kinds of barriers imposed by the English rulers. Number of cloth factories owned by the Indians jumped to 193 in 1900 where those were only 8 in 1961. Capital had to make its own way and there were no other ways but confront the rulers. Though they did not consolidate that much before the First World War. Spread of English education specially among the native Hindu mediocre class had something to add to the Indian capitalist ventures. The very unique Indian renaissance presented some very outstanding enlightened persons in the second half of the nineteenth century. Those people came to know about European slogans- equality, fraternity and freedom. The life under the British rule appeared as the most distasteful and unbearable to the educated cultural section of the society. Bal Gongadhor Tilak from Maharastra had a very significant role to raise voice against the submissive way of actions taken by the Indian National Congress leaders. For the working class there were arousing commotion and its exhibition was quite frequent. Second half of the Nineteenth century experienced numbers of strikes by the workers and upsurges by the peasants. Most notable one was the peasants’ upsurge in Pabna in 1873. So within the beginning of the twentieth century all Indian classes had earned the British rulers as common enemy. Sense of deprive was so intense that the platform for negotiation was not enough to mitigate the aspirations of the natives. Internationally Russia and Germany was trembling with anarchist movements at that time led by Prudhoe and Blanky. Pari commune showed the world a new path to protest. Irish rebels were on their top gear against British imperialism. American Hay market incidence ignited the wrath amongst the proletarians. All these things inevitably led the Indian freedom seekers way to violent agitation i.e. to armed struggle. Thoughts of violent struggle came from the persons who were well educated and well equipped with western philosophies. Bankimchandra and Orvinda paved the first milestone. And as English education was mainly taken by the Indian Hindu they tried to attract the native with myths from the traditional religious beliefs. Jyuotindranath Tagore was the very first person to establish a secret society named Hindu Swava but it was not meant for any struggle for freedom. Three secret societies eventually emerged contemporary at the last decade of the Nineteenth century. One lead by Pramath Mitre, one by Sarala Devi and another by Sri Orvinda. Together they worked under the name of `Onushilan’ and meant to fight for the freedom of India in violent ways. That was Calcutta, 1902.