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27th City of Winnipeg Battalion
The 27th City of Winnipeg Battalion was the first independent battalion to be raised in Manitoba in the First World War. Officially it was not given a name and fell among the many nameless Canadian battalions raised to conform with the new numbering system introduced by Col. Sam Hughes, Canada’s defence minister, in 1914

The battalion was raised in as part of a response to the demand of fresh reinforcements early in 1915, as Canada struggled overseas with its single division. It became part of the 2nd Division, 6th Infantry Brigade along with its sister 28th Battalion and the 29th and 31st Calgary Battalions. A common private of the 27th Battalion during the First World War could expect to earn between $1.00 and $1.10 a day, or around $30 a month.

The 27th Battalion, with the 2nd Division, arrived in France in September, 1915, and met up with the 1st Division by mid-month. Together these two divisions formed the Canadian Corps and were led by General Alderson. Fortunately or unfortunately, the Canadian Corps, including the 27th, would not participate in any major offensive for almost a full year. This pause in offense would be broken when the Battalion would receive its ‘baptism of fire’ at the Battle of St. Eloi, 5 kilometres from Ypres.

It was reported the officers of the 27th had not slept for over 100 hours, this was most apparent with the Commander, I.R. Snider, a veteran of the North-West Rebellion of 1885 and the South African War, of the 27th Battalion who, during the battle of St. Eloi, stayed awake for 6 straight days trying to relieve the strain ‘on his beloved boys’. After the battle he broke down and cried, he was removed from command ‘being diagnosed with shell shock’. The Battle of St. Eloi had claimed 40 of his men’s lives and wounded another 189.

The Somme Valley became the new objective of the Canadian Corps. When the Canadians arrived in the Somme Valley the British had been fighting for 3 months and they had traded 250 000 men for 8 kilometres German trenches. On the opening day of the Somme offensive alone, July 1st, 1916, 20 000 British, Canadian and Commonwealth soldiers died and another 40 000 were wounded; it was the single heaviest day of casualties in history.

One of the most notable battles of Somme the 27th Battalion participated in was the Battle of Courcelette on September 15, 1916. This battle marked the first time in history tanks were used in warfare. However of the 6 tanks that went out that day, all were knocked out, they were incredibly unreliable. The Canadians suffered around 7000 casualties during the battle which lasted until the 22nd of September. Despite all this the Canadians, more specifically the 27th, were successful as they were in their next battle at the Battle of Thiepval Ridge, September 26, 1916; in fact the Canadians did not lose a single battle in the First World War.

Battalions wanted to ensure they received the glory and credit for their capture’s, one way of doing this was marking the prisoners with the battalions insignia or the unit’s designation. For example, at the Battle of Courcelette some of the men of the 27th had brought some green paint forward and marked the 250 prisoners they took with a rectangle and a circle above it as they sent back to the rear.

It was no surprise that Germans would rank the Canadian 1st and 2nd divisions among the top 8 deadliest and most dangerous divisions. The 2nd Division came overseas following the 1st Division and consequently had big expectations riding on them. At the Second Battle of Ypres in the spring of 1915, only arriving on the battlefield a week before with little experience in warfare, the 1st Canadian Division was the only Division that held its ground against the German’s gas attack. The British nor the French could hold their ground and had to fall back. It was largely due to the stubbornness of the Canadians that the Allies were able to repulse the attack.