User:Blugold763/Dermatophytosis

Epidemiology:
Worldwide, superficial fungal infections caused by dermatophytes are estimated to infect around 20-25% of the population and it is thought that dermatophytes infect 10-15% of the population during their lifetime. The highest incidence of superficial mycoses result from dermatophytoses which are most prevalent in tropical regions. Onychomycosis, a common infection caused by dermatophytes, is found with varying prevalence rates in many countries. Tinea pedis + onychomycosis, Tinea corporis, Tinea capitis are the most common dermatophytosis found in humans across the world. Tinea capitis has a greater prevalence in children. The increasing prevalence of dermatophytes resulting in Tinea capitis has been causing epidemics throughout Europe and America. In pets, cats are the most affected by dermatophytosis. Pets are susceptible to dermatophytoses caused by Microsporum canis, Microsporum gypseum, and ''Trichophyton. '' For dermatophytosis in animals, risk factors depend on age, species, breed, underlying conditions, stress, grooming, and injuries.

Numerous studies have found Tinea capitis to be the most prevalent dermatophyte to infect children across the continent of Africa. Dermatophytosis has been found to be most prevalent in children ages 4 to 11, infecting more males than females. Low socioeconomic status was found to be a risk factor for Tinea capitis. Throughout Africa, dermatophytoses are common in hot- humid climates and with areas of overpopulation.

Chronicity is a common outcome for dermatophytosis in India. The prevalence of dermatophytosis in India is between 36.6-78.4% depending on the area, clinical subtype, and dermatophyte isolate. Individuals ages 21-40 years are most commonly affected.

A 2002 study looking at 445 samples of dermatophytes in patients in Goiânia Brazil found the most prevalent type to be Trichophyton rubrum (49.4%), followed by Trichophyton mentagrophytes (30.8%) and Microsporum canis (12.6%).

A 2013 study looking at 5,175 samples of Tinea in patients in Tehran Iran found the most prevalent type to be Tinea pedis (43.4%), followd by Tinea unguium. (21.3%), and Tinea cruris (20.7%).

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