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Original sentences about women's political participation

In 1890, the first session of the Imperial Diet issues the Law on Assembly and Political Association (shukai oyobi seishaho), which is the first government issued decree banning women from joining political parties. In 1921, the Diet voted to overrule this decree allowing women to attend political meetings. With constraints prohibiting women from actively participating in politics, women's interest groups and other advocates continued to persevere for voting and inclusion rights. This did not arrive until 1947 when the election law was revised under the U.S. occupation of Japan, allowing women over the age of twenty to vote in elections.

Original sentences about workforce of women

Women traditionally were to focus all of their efforts to the maintenance and development of their households, and their work was limited to domestic and agricultural tasks. With the evolution of Japan as a growing industrialized nation and with the reformation of Japanese society, women became the majority in newly built factories that became necessary to support Japan's booming textile industry. Although these women were allowed to leave their homes and earn wages, they were still held captive by patriarchal constraints.

Many women in the workforce had been sent by their families to work in factories that would send their earnings back to their homes. They were provided room and board for the duration of their employment, but the conditions where they lived and worked were deplorable and resulted in widespread illness and disease. The conditions, their mediocre salaries, and their risk of developing life-threatening medical conditions were the driving force behind the suffrage movement's desire to improve the state of the workplace for women.

Due to theses insufferable and hazardous work conditions, women, especially textile workers, begun to join the Friendly Society (Yuaikai) later named the Japan Federation of Labor (Nihon Rōdō Sodomei or Sōdōmei), in order to combat the numerous inequalities. With long agonizing hours, constant sexual harassment, and insufficient wages, industrialized women workers of Japan suffered tremendously. Despite the patriarchal ideology categorizing women as "auxiliary members" and "secondary wage earners" of the friendly society, a multitude of women remained eager to fight for justifiable and fair wages.

Additional Information

(Workforce)

Even after legislation reformation to friendly society for women took place in recent years, they are still forced to work under unkind or strict conditions considering housework.

In Japan, approximately 90% of women take maternity leave for giving birth and raising  children whereas only 1% of men do.

(Women’s participation)

At that time, 13.8 million women went for vote for the first time and 39 female candidates were elected in election of the Lower House(1946).

In modern days, 10.2% of member of congress seats are gained by women at the Lower House.

Correction(s)

(Women’s participation)

1947: April 10, 1946