User:Botatao/sandbox2

A

 * ATO Hold
 * The functionality that allows trains to be held at a defined location for regulation purposes. This functionality can be applied to either one train only or a defined area with multiple trains or the whole service which may run through multiple traffic management controlled areas.


 * ATO Area
 * The area where, for Grades of Automation 2 to 4, Automatic Train Operation is possible, informed by real-time dynamic update of operational data via a telecommunications link between the ATO on-board and ATO trackside subsystems.


 * ATO Available
 * ATO Available is the ATO state when the ATO-OB is ready for operation and is waiting for the Engagement Conditions to be fulfilled.


 * ATO Configuration
 * ATO Configuration is the ATO state when the ATO-OB executes self-tests procedures and receives the required ETCS Train Data.


 * ATO Disengaged
 * The status of the ATO on-board sub-system when it is not controlling train functions.


 * ATO Disengaging
 * ATO state when the ATO-OB losses the ATO Operational conditions while being engaged. The ATO-OB controls the braking command in order to bring the train to standstill waiting for the driver to disengage the ATO.


 * ATO Engage Button
 * Input that permits the driver to request to start automatic driving when the engagement conditions are fulfilled.


 * ATO Engaged
 * ATO state in which the ATO on-board is responsible for driving the train, controlling brake and traction according to the computed ATO Operational Speed Profile.


 * ATO Failure
 * ATO state when the ATO on-board has failed to power up, has failed its self-tests, has an in-service failure, or when it has detected a failure that does not allow it to perform its functions. This is applicable to the Failure state.


 * ATO Fitted Train
 * A train that is fitted with an ATO on-board sub-system.


 * ATO Inhibition Zone
 * The prevention of the ATO functionality over a defined area of the railway in the direction of travel. It may be in either or both directions of a bi-directional section of track.


 * ATO Isolation Mode
 * ATO state when the ATO Isolation Switch is set to isolation position. In this state, some functions of ATO are inhibited.


 * ATO Not Available
 * ATO state when the ATO-OB is not ready for operation and it is waiting for the Operational Conditions to be fulfilled.


 * ATO Not Selected
 * ATO Not Selected is the ATO state when the ATO Selector is in NS position.


 * ATO On-board
 * The sub-system and set of automated non-safety-related driver functions, depending on the grade of automation.


 * ATO Operational Speed Profile
 * The most energy efficient speed profile calculated by the ATO on-board sub-system that fulfils the Journey Profile and respects the ETCS safe braking envelope.


 * ATO over ETCS System
 * The set of interrelated or interacting components that provides ATO and ATP functionalities.


 * ATO Ready
 * ATO state when the ATO-OB is ready for operation and it is waiting for the engagement order.


 * ATO Selected
 * It is the ATO mode when the ATO-OB is in CO, NA, AV, RE, EM or DE state.


 * ATO Selector
 * Input from the driver to select “ATO Selected Mode” or “ATO Not Selected Mode”.


 * ATO Operated Train
 * A train that is fitted with ATO on-board sub-system and this sub-system is operational.


 * ATO Trackside
 * A set of functions that interfaces with the necessary trackside systems which contain the operational data and infrastructure data that is required by the ATO on-board.


 * ATO Trackside Handover
 * It is the process of passing the responsibility for an ATO train between two ATO trackside subsystems.


 * ATO Unpowered
 * ATO state when the ATO on-board is powered off.


 * Automatic Joining
 * An automatic process to couple two or more train consists.


 * Automatic Splitting
 * An automatic process to separate a train into two or more individual consists.


 * Automatic Train Control System
 * System which effects an emergency brake application if the driver does not react to certain signal aspects or speed restrictions.


 * Automatic Train Operation
 * A method of operation in which different train operation tasks are automated, according to the Grade of Automation level present, up to GoA 4 level, where the train is automatically controlled without the presence of staff on board.


 * Automatic Train Protection
 * A system that enforces obedience to signals and speed restrictions by speed supervision, including automatic stop at signals.


 * Automatic Turnback
 * The functionality that allows trains to change direction for another journey which may include automatic unattended movement.


 * Awake Train
 * This function is intended to prepare a train for operation.

B

 * Block section
 * A section of track in a fixed block system which a train may only enter when it is not occupied by other vehicles.


 * Built In Test
 * The functionality that enables the AoE system to carry out its in-service health check.

C

 * Coasting
 * The free running of a train with no traction and no brakes applied.


 * Collision Detection
 * Functionality which detects an unexpected contact between the train and an obstacle.


 * Command
 * Order used to perform a function in a system.


 * Compatibility
 * Capability of the AoE to co-exist with other systems in the same transport network without any interference.


 * Configurable System
 * Capability of the system to allow users to select, from pre-programmed functions, those which are necessary to accomplish a control strategy or other complex functions, without the use of computer language.


 * Consist
 * Single vehicle or a group of vehicles which are not separated during normal operation.


 * Constituent
 * Any elementary component, group of components, sub-assembly or complete assembly of equipment incorporated or intended to be incorporated into the AoE.

D

 * Degraded Operation
 * Operation resulting from an unplanned event that prevents the normal delivery of train services.


 * Depot
 * A location used for maintenance and storage of rolling stock.


 * Derailment Detection
 * A functionality which detects a train derailment.


 * Dispatch Order
 * The process whereby signallers or controllers can change the order or timing of trains to maximise overall train service performance in real time.


 * Disruptive Event
 * Any event or circumstance which prevents or disrupts the operation of trains.


 * Door Release
 * An external system command which permits the door open command. A release may include mechanical, electromechanical or electronic parts.


 * Dwell Time
 * Time during which a train is stopped at a Stopping Point, it means the time period between wheel stop and wheel start.


 * Dwell Timer
 * A function used to determine the amount of time left until departure.

E

 * Emergency Release
 * A device accessible under certain conditions which permits the operation of an apparatus in case of failure.


 * ERTMS Users Group
 * The European Economic Interest Group established in 1995 by the national railways of France, Germany and Italy. The group currently consists of the infrastructure managers: ADIF, Banedanmark , Banverket , DB , Infrabel , Jernbaneverket , Network Rail , Prorail , RFF , RFI and SBB as cooperating partner. EUG is responsible for developing and validating ERTMS.


 * External systems
 * Any system that is outside of the ATO over ETCS system but which interfaces to it.


 * External Train HMI
 * The interface between local operations staff not travelling on the train and the train. Also see Human Machine Interface.

F

 * Full Service Brake
 * Service Brake set at maximum allowed effort.

G

 * Generic Application
 * Application which contains all mandatory and all or a subset of optional functions, with predefined configurability and customisable for different specific applications.


 * Global Navigation Satellite System
 * A worldwide position, time and velocity radio determination system comprising space, ground and user segments.


 * Grade of Automation
 * Automation level of train operation, in which a train can be operated, resulting from sharing responsibility for given basic functions of train operation between operations staff and system.


 * Grade of Automation 0 - On-sight train operation
 * In this grade of automation, the driver has full responsibility and no system is required to supervise his activities. However, points and single tracks can be partially supervised by the system.


 * Grade of Automation 1 - Non-automated train operation
 * In this grade of automation, the driver is in the front cabin of the train observing the guideway and stops the train in the case of a hazardous situation. Acceleration and braking are commanded by the driver in compliance with wayside signals or cab-signal. The system supervises the activities of the driver. This supervision may be done at specific locations, be semi-continuous or continuous, notably in respect of the signals and the speed. Safe departure of the train from the station, including door closing, is the responsibility of the operations staff.


 * Grade of Automation 2 - Semi-automated train operation
 * In this grade of automation, the driver is in the front cabin of the train observing the guideway and stops the train in the case of a hazardous situation. Acceleration and braking is automated and the speed is supervised continuously by the system. Safe departure of the train from the station is the responsibility of the operations staff.


 * Grade of Automation 3 - Driverless train operation
 * In this grade of automation, additional measures are needed compared to GOA2 because there is no driver in the front cabin of the train to observe the guideway and stop the train in case of a hazardous situation. In this grade of automation, a member of the operations staff is necessary on-board. Safe departure of the train from the station, including door closing, can be the responsibility of the operations staff or may be done automatically.


 * Grade of Automation 4 - Unattended train operation
 * In this grade of automation, additional measures are needed compared to GOA3 because there is no on-board operations staff. Safe departure of the train from the station, including door closing, has to be done automatically. More specifically, the system supports detection and management of hazardous conditions and emergency situations such as the evacuation of passengers. Some hazardous conditions or emergency situations, such as derailment or the detection of smoke or fire, may require staff interventions.

H

 * Hazard
 * Potential source of harm


 * Headway
 * The time interval between the passing of the front ends of successive vehicles or trains moving along the same lane or track in the same direction.


 * Human Machine Interface
 * Part of a system an operator interacts with. The interface is the aggregate of means by which the users interact with a machine, device, and system . The interface provides means for input, allowing the users to control the system and output, allowing the system to inform the users.

I

 * Infrastructure Equipment
 * Fixed installations of the railway system.


 * Infrastructure Manager
 * Organisation responsible for establishing and maintaining railway infrastructure. This may also include the management of infrastructure control and safety systems.


 * Interchangeability
 * Is the capability of system components identified in this document to be procured from any number of suppliers and replaced without any substantial change in functionality or performance.


 * Interlocking
 * An arrangement of switches and signals interconnected in a way that each movement follows the other in a proper and safe sequence.


 * Interoperability
 * Ability of a transport network to operate trains and infrastructures to provide, accept and use services so exchanged without any substantial change in functionality or performance.

J

 * Jerk
 * First derivative of the acceleration with respect to time.


 * Jog
 * The functionality that provides low speed control in both forward and reverse directions to enable correction of a train’s alignment with a defined stopping location.


 * Journey
 * Scheduled movement of a vehicle along a single route.


 * Journey Profile
 * The Journey Profile contains the set of dynamic infrastructure data and operational data required by the ATO-OB in order to drive the train. The operational data contains the list of Timing Points to be traversed by the train along its journey. This list is defined in real time on the basis of the scheduled timetable and on-line traffic regulation. The Journey Profile may be updated during the journey.

K

 * Kinematic Envelope
 * Kinematic load gauge further enlarged to allow for possible tolerances in the position of the track.

L

 * Line Clear Detection
 * Automatic proving or detection that a line is clear or occupied.


 * Lock
 * Force a functional unit to maintain a defined value of the output variable independent of all other input variables or state variables.

M

 * Maintenance Staff
 * Maintenance staff are persons who are involved in maintenance of infrastructure and rolling stock.


 * Minimum Dwell Time
 * Minimum allowed value of dwell time, defined for each stopping point included in the journey profile, to be considered by the ATO-OB before departure. The minimum dwell time is applied during normal or degraded operation to aid service recovery


 * Modular Design
 * Is a design approach that subdivides a system into smaller parts called modules or skids, that can be independently created and then used in different systems. A modular system can be characterized by functional partitioning into discrete scalable, reusable modules; rigorous use of well-defined modular interfaces; and making use of industry standards for interfaces.

N

 * Neutral Section
 * An arrangement of insulators in the Overhead Line Equipment designed to ensure that two sections are kept electrically separate even during the passage of a pantograph.


 * Non-ATO Train
 * Non-ATO equipped trains and trains with inoperative ATO on-board equipment.

O

 * Obstacle Detection
 * A sub-system able to supervise the area in front of or around the train in order to detect and identify objects on or close to the track that might adversely affect safe train operation.


 * Operations
 * Operation covers all functions which deal with the safety and regular exploitation of the transportation service.


 * Operations Control Centre
 * Is the centre from which operation of the line or the network is supervised and managed.


 * Operations Staff
 * Staff authorised to perform tasks concerning train operation or direct service to passengers.

P

 * Passenger Information Systems
 * The on-board train or infrastructure based systems which provide passengers with real-time information relation to the operation of the railway.


 * Passengers
 * People travelling or intending to travel on a train, whose activities are not related to operating the train.


 * Passing point
 * A Timing Point defined in the Segment Profile, where the train is planned to pass within a given time window defined in the Journey Profile.


 * Perturbation
 * The operation of a transport system outside of the timetable, such that delays in arrival and departure from defined locations are present.


 * Planning System
 * A system or set of systems using methods for scheduling or planning. Based on infrastructure, asset data and planning rules it provides timetables for both passenger and freight train operation.


 * Platform Barrier System
 * The system that keeps passengers at a safe distance from the platform edge, outside of boarding times. E.g. Platform Edge Doors, Platform Gates or Platform Screen Doors


 * Platform / Train Interface
 * The interface between the platform and the train, gap included. It can include Platform Edge Doors, Platform Gates, Platform Screen Doors or platform edges equipped with none of these.


 * Platform Doors
 * The doors fixed to the platform forming a barrier between the passengers and the train and track. They include Platform Edge Doors, Platform Gates and Platform Screen Doors.


 * Platform Edge Doors
 * Full height screens forming a barrier between the passengers and the train and track. They are only present on platform edges and have a gap of varying height above them to the ceiling of the station.


 * Platform Gates
 * Commonly referred to as “half height” barriers, they separate passengers from the train and track at a platform. They are usually designed to be of reduced height, with a minimum height of 1 metre.


 * Platform Screen Doors
 * Are full height screens which are fixed at the top and bottom of a platform to separate passengers from the train and track. They form a climatic barrier between the platform and track to facilitate cost effective platform climate control.


 * Platform Skip
 * Is the functionality that enables a train to continue driving without stopping at a platform that had previously been scheduled as a stopping point.


 * Platform Staff
 * Staff who supervise the safe dispatch of trains at a station or in the case of freight trains, at a freight terminal.


 * Powerless section
 * A section where no electrical traction power is available.


 * Progressive Shutdown of Train Service
 * Function designed to stop operation of trains in a safe and controlled way in case there is a failure.

R

 * Rail Adhesion
 * The friction between the wheels of a vehicle and the rails, which makes possible the transmission of tractive effort and braking force.


 * Railway Undertaking
 * Any public or private undertaking licensed according to applicable Community legislation, the principal business of which is to provide services for the transport of goods and/or passengers by rail with a requirement that the undertaking must ensure traction; this also undertakings which provide traction only.


 * Remaining Dwell Time
 * Is the amount of time left before a train resumes moving.


 * Rolling Stock
 * General term covering all vehicles with or without motors.

S

 * Safe Braking Model
 * An analytical representation of a train’s performance while decelerating to a complete stop, allowing for a combination of worst-case influencing factors and failure scenarios.


 * Safe Places
 * Areas within the network of an operator where evacuation of passengers can be performed, depending on current operational conditions, with a minimum of risks to the passengers.


 * Segments Profile
 * Set of static infrastructure data required by the ATO on-board to compute the Operational Speed Profile.


 * Shall
 * The use of "shall" is restricted to formal requirements statements. It indicates obligation - that something must happen/ be done or that someone must do something.' Some full example sentences could follow:


 * Shall not
 * The use of "shall not" is restricted to formal requirements statements. It indicates obligation not to do something or to make sure that something does not happen, or not having permission / not being permitted to do something.


 * Specific Application
 * Is an application designed for a particular realisation based on a customised generic application.


 * Status
 * State condition of a component or system.


 * Stopping Point
 * A Timing Point defined in the Segment Profile where the train is planned to stop within a given time window defined in the Journey Profile, usually to carry out a specific activity such as allowing passengers to join and leave the train.


 * Supervision
 * Activity, performed either manually or automatically, intended to observe the state of an item.

T

 * Timetable
 * Planned chronological occupation of rail infrastructure for train movements.


 * Timing Points
 * A location and stopping accuracy defined in the Segment Profile for which a type and specific time is identified in the Journey Profile. This time may be an arrival time, a departure time, or in the case of a train not scheduled to stop at that location, the passing time.


 * Train Control Management System
 * Train subsystem managing the interfaces with traction/braking controls and other train devices e.g. train doors.


 * Train Holding Brake
 * Function ensuring that the train will not move while it is at standstill.


 * Traffic Management System
 * A non-safety-critical system which advises the control command and signalling system, based on the current traffic situation and other internal or external information, in order to improve the level of service.


 * Traffic Operation and Management
 * The procedures and related equipment enabling a coherent operation of the different structural subsystems, both during normal and degraded operation, including in particular train driving, traffic planning and management.


 * Train Coupler
 * The mechanical interface that enables vehicles to be operated together.


 * Train Driver
 * A person capable and authorised to drive trains, including locomotives, shunting locomotives, work trains, maintenance railway vehicles or trains for the carriage of passengers or goods by rail in an autonomous, responsible and safe manner.


 * Train Driver Identity
 * A unique code which identifies a train driver.


 * Train Inauguration
 * Inauguration is an automated process of train bus configuration that includes detecting all bus nodes and their orientation, assigning the numbers to particular bus nodes and collecting their properties.


 * Train Operation
 * The control command of routes, loading and unloading, driving of trains and shunting.


 * Train Separation
 * The means of keeping successive trains at a safe braking distance. The safe braking distance is the minimum distance in which a train can be guaranteed to be brought to a standstill.


 * Train Splitting
 * The process by which multiple units are detached mechanically to form a new number of train consists.


 * Turnback Move
 * A train movement at the end of a mission, where the train changes direction.

U

 * UNISIG
 * Union Industry of Signalling - an associated member of UNIFE, created to develop the ERTMS/ETCS technical specifications.


 * Unit
 * A set of one or more vehicles which cannot be decoupled during train operation.

Y

 * Yards
 * An arrangement of tracks, other than main tracks, used for making up trains, storing cars and trains and other purposes.

Z

 * Zone of Protection
 * A zone where no train is allowed to run as a result of various kinds of incidents except identified hazardous situations for which trains can leave the zone.