User:British/Maček Notes

Terms of interest
Burghers - corvée duty

Chiliast - Millenarianism

People of interest
Mikuláš of Hus

Places of interest

 * Bechyně
 * Třebechovice

European uprisings
Related uprisings in:


 * Italy - ordinamenti di giusticia - Ciompi)


 * Florence


 * Flanders


 * France - Jacquerie revolt 1358)


 * England - Peasants' Revolt 1381 - Wat Tyler - John Ball


 * Germany - Habsburg - guilds & Journeyman


 * Switzerland

Bohemia

 * Imprisonment of Václav IV in Český Krumlov castle  on estate of the noble family Rožmberk (aka Rožmberk Castle, in the town of Český Krumlov)

The turbulent and uneasy situation which arose in the Czech state at the turn of 14th century under the influence of the increasingly declining rule of Václav II resulted in the open conflict between the king and the Union of lords (representatives of upper nobility), concentrated around the Moravian margrave Jošt, Václav's cousin. The Czech lords had no problems with raising arms against their king and captured him on 8th May 1394 in Králův Dvůr, near Beroun. Václav's younger brother Jan Zhořelecký wanted to rescue the king with the help of military force, and so the Union of lords took Václav IV from the Prague castle to castle Wildberg in Upper Austria, the ruins of which can be seen by the road on the way from Studánky to Linz. During the journey from Prague to Wildberg Václav IV stayed for some time in Český Krumlov castle, at the time the residence of Heinrich III. von Rosenberg. (http://www.ckrumlov.cz/uk/mesto/histor/t_navpan.htm)

But Václav IV visited Český Krumlov in the same way once more in 1402, when the whole situation was repeated. The king was captured on 6th March 1402 in royal house in the Old Town in Prague and taken to the Schaumburg castle in Upper Austria, when the journey led through Český Krumlov, that time belonging to Heinrich von Rosenberg. During Václav's second kidnapping the whole event was this time led by his brother Zikmund who accompanied Václav on his journey to the place of his captivity, and consequently he passed the night in Český Krumlov castle. (http://www.ckrumlov.cz/uk/mesto/histor/t_navpan.htm)


 * Imprisonment of Václav IV in Vienna
 * 1394 - 1404 Bohemian civil war (between 'ruling' nobles and lesser nobles) (?)
 * Jakoubek of Stříbro (== Jacob of Mies) & Nikolaus of Dresden - Initiated the practice of 'sub utraque parte' in 1414, with Hus' endorsement.
 * Konrad Waldhauser
 * John Milíč of Kroměříž - initiated preaching in the Czech language (date?)
 * brought before court of Avignon (for - among other things? - calling HRE Charles IV "antichrist"); died there (killed? from imprisonment?)

Other preachers: Albert Ranconis, Thomas of Stitny, Mathias of Janov, John of Stekno


 * Matthew of Janov - ex-professor of University of Paris; theoretical work on ideas of reform
 * Thomas Stitný of South Bohemia - similar works to Janov, but in Czech, therefore more popular in Bohemia

Chapter 4: The Birth of Revolutionary Tábor

 * Bechyně - town near Tábor hill
 * Třebechovice - town near Oreb hill
 * Jakoubek or Stříbro and Nikolaus of Dresden - initiated "sub utraque specie" in 1414 with Jan Hus' approval. (Maček says "endorsed by")
 * Na Křížkách hillside near Prague from which Václav Koranda of Plzeň called peasants to arms.

Pilgrims told to go to the 5 (or 6?) towns that would be secure against the destruction of the "evil and sinful world", and refuges against the coming of the Antichrist.

Q: Why would only 5 towns and the mountains be saved?

The towns noted:
 * Plzeň
 * Slaný
 * Žatec
 * Louny
 * Klatovy
 * Písek (sometimes)

In 1420 Sezimovo Ústi was occupied by the Hussites in a night raid. It was to be a location for the new society based on biblical principles. Realised it wasn't suitable, and burned it on March 30. Decided new society needed a new place to start. Found a projecting rock to the North, at the confluence of the Tismenice brook and the Lužnice river - the old site of the town and castle of Hradiště. Built Tábor.

Apart from Czechs, the population also included people of many other nations:
 * Germans from České Budějovice
 * Austrians
 * Styrians
 * Polish


 * Martin Húska (aka Loquis)
 * Mikuláš of Pelhřimov
 * John of Jičín

Písek and Vodňany also had Tábor-like communities.

Q: Why Vodňany? It's not on the shortlist of places to be saved!

Chapter 10: Hussite Manifestos
Hussites in Prague try to disseminate the four articles, publishing pamphlets as far and wide as possible. Even to the Crusading armies (no joy there, though).

Manifestos written in German, Latin and Hungarian (and presumably Czech?).

Attempt to obtain alliance with Doge of Venice against King Sigismund. In vain.