User:Brittny Eaddy/sandbox

I reviewed an article on the ethics of artificial intelligence (AI).


 * 1) I believe all points made in the article are relevant to the topic discussed.
 * 2) Considering the rapidly evolving nature of technology, it is important for the information presented to be accurate and current. Some sources listed are greater than ten years old; outdated information should not be used to make modern arguments.
 * 3) This article could be improved by adding a timeline delineating the landmarks in AI development and pertinent ethical issues.
 * 4) I think the article focuses on potential negative effects of AI and should have addressed potential benefits in equal measure. For example, the article claims AI may overpower us; inherit the flaws of its human creators; or be misused by others to fulfill their own agendas. The advances of AI in medicine, academia, etc., are mentioned but not explained.
 * 5) I feel the dangers of AI were the focus and that its benefits should have received the same attention.
 * 6) The links I checked worked and the article represents the information derived from these sources accurately.
 * 7) Some of the sources are .coms, which are not always neutral or accurate. They ones I viewed highlighted the consequences of automated driving and AI in warfare. A scholarly article was listed. However, the link directs me to the abstract, not the article itself; another link requires a log-in to access the article.
 * 8) In the Talk section, users pose more ethical questions about AI. Others recommended adding subtopics and reorganizing them to create a more coherent article.
 * 9) The article is rated start-class (S) and is part Wiki Education Foundation-supported course assignment.
 * 10) Besides the format, Wikipedians discuss a topic similarly to students on Blackboard. They may disagree but remain respectful toward one another.

Assignment 5

Added following citation to Problematic smartphone use article: "Cell Phone Distracted Driving." National Safety Council. Also added this line: "However, many cell phone-related crashes are not reported due to drivers' reluctance to admit texting or talking behind the wheel."

Assignment 6

Sixteen states as well as Washington D.C., Puerto Rico, and the U.S. Virgin Islands passed laws prohibiting the use of hand-held devices while driving. Texting and driving is banned in most of the country; new drivers in 38 states and DC are not permitted to use cell phones behind the wheel. According to the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, or NHTSA (which promotes safe driving through research and education), drivers between the ages of 16 and 24 were most distracted, with women at greater risk of dying in a crash. About 20,000 of motor vehicle fatalities between 2012 and 2017 were related to distracted driving.

A text can take one's eyes off the road for an average of five seconds. Although brief, one driving at 55 mph can travel the length of a football field in that time. Approximately three percent of drivers are talking on the phone when stopped at an intersection. Furthermore, five percent of drivers are on the phone at any given time. The Insurance Institute of Highway Safety (IIHS) reported those who used cell phones more often tended to brake harder, drive faster, and change lanes more frequently, predisposing them to crashes and near-crashes. They are also two to six times more likely to get into an accident.

Research indicates driver performance is adversely affected by concurrent cell phone use, delaying reaction time and increasing lane deviations and length of time with eyes off the road. It can also cause "inattention blindness," in which drivers see but do not register what is in front of them.

Teen drivers are especially at risk. About 1.2 million and 341,000 crashes in 2013 involved talking and texting, respectively. Distractions such as music, games, GPS, social media, etc., are potentially deadly when combined with inexperience. The dangers of driving and multitasking continue to rise as more technology is integrated into cars. Teens who texted more frequently were less likely to wear a seat belt and more likely to drive intoxicated or ride with a drunk driver. Cell phone use can reduce brain activity as much as 37%, affecting young drivers' abilities to control their vehicles, pay attention to the roadway, and respond promptly to traffic events.

Measures can be taken to limit distractions and promote engaged driving, in which drivers are focused and attentive. To reduce risk of crashing, one should complete calls and texts before starting the car; get directions to one's destination prior to driving; check in with loved ones after arriving; and pull over before answering urgent texts or calls. Parents should lead by example and refrain from answering calls or texts while driving. "Do not disturb" features can be set on phones to eliminate distractions by sending automated responses to incoming messages without alerting the driver. People who drive without distraction pay better attention to the task at hand, are following the law, and are less likely to get into an accident. It can save one's life and others.

Assignment 9 completed - I found the feedback from my peers helpful. The formatting issue with the citations has been corrected.