User:Btawney/Bujilgen Jakdan

Bujilgen Jakdan was a Qing dynasty Manchu translator and poet from the Plain Red Banner. He is most well-known for his translation of Pu Songling's collection of supernatural stories titled Liaozhai Zhiyi, though he also translated a number of other works, including seven volumes of translations of Chinese poetry and songs, to which he appended a volume of his own purely Manchu poetry.

Name
Jakdan was from the Manchu Bujilgen clan. His courtesy name was, and his pseudonym was. His Manchu personal name, Jakdan, means "Pine Tree".

Life
The precise dates of Jakdan's birth and death are not known, but he was probably born in the 1780's. In 1826, when he was in his forties, he passed the translation examination for the Metropolitan Graduate, and was assigned to the post of Second Class Secretary of the Board of Works in Mukden (present-day Shenyang, the old Manchu capital).

Poetry
The rare books collection at Harvard University's Yenching Library possesses the only known copy of an eight fascicle work by Jakdan titled Jabduha ucuri amtanggai baita (. The first seven fascicles contain 345 poems or songs translated from Chinese into Manchu, some of which appear to be Zidishu.

Bosson and Toh were the first to note that the eighth fascicle of Jabduha ucuri amtanggai baita did not contain translations, but rather original poetry. In 2010, Toh published a further analysis of two of the longer poems of the collection. Toh proposes a system of scansion wherein these two longer poems are divided into stanzas of varying numbers of lines, and lines of varying numbers of syllables, accompanied by end-rhyme and interrupted by non-prosodic phrases called chenzi.

Toh disputes an earlier, unpublished analysis of the prosody of Jakdan's poems which divides the poems into rhyming couplets where each line of a couplet has the same number of syllables, but the couplets themselves have varying numbers of syllables.