User:Buddy246/sandbox

Buddy246 (talk) 01:08, 29 October 2018 (UTC)"Alternatives to letter-grading assessments have been tried in some schools, but still remain a marginal approach due to the heavy emphasis and history of letter grading. Alternatives to standard letter grading are able to evaluate the students skills and understanding of the course material. The flaws in the standard letter grading system that require a lot of attention. These issues include ways for students to achieve high grades without actually understanding the course material. Kyle Spencer discusses an issue a high school teacher discovered during his time teaching. As noted by Kyle Spencer students the issue was on test his students were able to achieve high grades yet when presented with a complex question they couldn't get it correct. Showing him that they only have a general understanding of the material which wasn't reflected by the grades they received.

"Each are to evaluate the students understanding of the material and of their complex understanding of the course material." - Original

" Each are to evaluate the students understanding of the complex information for the course." - Revised

A number of liberal arts colleges in the U.S. either do not issue grades at all (such as Alverno College, Antioch College, Bennington College, Evergreen State College, New College of Florida, and Hampshire College), de-emphasize them (St. John's College, Reed College, Sarah Lawrence College, Prescott College, College of the Atlantic), or do not calculate grade point averages (Brown University). In many cases, narrative evaluations are used as an alternative measurement system. Saint Ann's School in Brooklyn is one of several secondary schools to eschew grades in favor of narrative reports, while still managing to be the number one high school in the country for having the highest percentage of graduating seniors enroll in Ivy League and several other highly selective colleges."

Academic grading in the United States
In this paragraph I'm going to add what the standard grading system is supposed to evaluate in a student = The standard academic grading system allows students to track their progress and understanding of material in their courses.


 * Fact check
 * Edit
 * Add information I found about not using the traditional grading system
 * Possibly add another paragraph to this section

Sources

1.Marzano, Robert J. "Transforming Classroom Grading". Hawker Brownlow Education, 2006.

2."Standards-Based Grading Spencer", Kyle. The Education Digest; Ann Arbor Vol. 78, Iss. 3, (Nov 2012): 4-10.

3.VanHook, Michael S."Consider this . . .Standards-Based Grading" December 18, 2014

4. Shaefer, Matthew M. "Standards-Based Grading: a Study of the Essential Characteristics of a Successfully Implemented Standards-Based Grading System in a High School Environment". Franciscan University of Steubenville, 20125.

5. Scriffiny, Patricia L.Seven. "Reasons for Standards-Based Grading" October 2008 | Volume 66 | Number 2

6. Tippin, Gregory K. Page, Stewart Lafreniere, Kathryn D.  "Student perception of academic grading: Personality, academic orientation, and effort" 2012

7. Sadler, D Royce "Interpretations of criteria‐based assessment and grading in higher education" September 14, 2010

8.Webb, Norman L. “Identifying Content for Student Achievement Tests.” Handbook of Test Development

9. Gold, Richard M., et al. “Academic Achievement Declines under Pass-Fail Grading.” The Journal of Experimental Education, vol. 39, no. 3, 1971, pp. 17–21.

10.John Huntley (1976) Academic Evaluation and Grading: An Analysis and Some Proposals. Harvard Educational Review: December 1976, Vol. 46, No. 4, pp. 612-631