User:Bugcruncher/Environmental racism

Causes
Carbon leakage disproportionately affects the Global South. Stringent environmental policy aiming to reduce emissions can have the effect of corporations shifting "dirty" aspects of production abroad to meet emission standards domestically. Nielsen et al. found the Paris Climate Agreement's provisions for leakage to be inadequate. Though the actual emission outsourcing observed was relatively minor.

Impacts on health
A study involving 108 urban areas found that neighborhoods with a history of redlining were five to twelve degrees hotter than neighborhoods without. This increase in temperature is caused by the Urban heat island. Materials such as asphalt and concrete trap more of the sun's energy as opposed to rural areas. Low income communities are acutely at risk to heat mortality because of reduced access to air conditioning as well as tree cover. "Temperatures on a scorching summer day can vary as much as 20 degrees across different parts of the same city, with poor or minority neighborhoods often bearing the brunt of that heat".