User:C406 grp4/sandbox

Synthesis
General Methods For Synthesis
 * Beckmann Rearrangement
 * Beckmann C406 grp4.png


 * Schmidt Reaction
 * Schmidt C406 grp4.png


 * Amino Acid Cyclisation
 * AA Cyclisation C406 grp4.png


 * Kinugasa Reaction
 * Kinugasa C406 grp4.png

Tautomerization to Lactim
A lactam is a cyclic amide formed from aminocarboxylic acids by elimination of water; they are isometric with lactims, which are enol forms of lactams. Enols are alkenes with a hyrdoxyl group affixed to a carbon atom located in the double bond.
 * Tautomerization C406 grp4.png

Reactivity and Ring Size
In the range from 300-550 K, lactams containing a cis-amide undergo a great change during polymerization due to the transformation of cis to trans. Lactams with less than 9 atoms in the ring, the cis-conformation has been proved to be favored leading to the dimeric centrosymmetrical assocation through two hydrogen bonds. Lactams with ring size larger than 9, the trans prevails and possibility of formation of “polymeric” associates. In the 8 ring, both cis and trans exists and pretty much equal proportions. Differences within each group are caused by steric effects which appear in the formation of associates, by different dipole moments depending on the induction properties of the respective alkyl groups and by bond angles.