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Keratoconjunctivitis sicca is estimated to affect 10% to 20% of adults, with 1 to 4 million aged 65 to 84 affected in the United States.

A 2012 Cochrane Review examined the potential effectiveness of antioxidant vitamin supplementation in preventing and slowing the progression of age-related cataract. The included trials involved supplementation of vitamin E, along with β-carotene and vitamin C, either dosed independently or in combination, and compared to the placebo. The studies showed that vitamin E supplementation had no protective effect on reducing the risk of cataract, cataract extraction, progression of cataract, and slowing the loss of visual acuity.

A Cochrane Systematic Review showed that trifluridine was a more effective treatment than idoxuridine, significantly increasing the relative number of successfully healed eyes in 14 days.