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<!-- EDIT BELOW THIS LINE Thoracolumbar meningeal fibrosis in pugs

Thoracolumbar spinal cord diseases cause paresis and ataxia in the pelvic limbs. In pugs with thoracolumbar spinal cord disease, the symptoms, paresis and ataxia, are often progressive, causing not only paralysis but also faecal and urinary incontinence. Among pug breeders and owners, this disorder is commonly referred to as “wobbly pugs”.

Pathology of the nervous system of affected pugs shows severe, usually very focal, meningeal fibrosis<10.1111/jvim.15716>. The fibrosis interferes with the circulation and cause destruction of the spinal cord. Vertebral pathology, in the majority of cases a vertebral malformation, accompanies the meningeal fibrosis. Various types of vertebral malformations are reported in pugs including hemivertebrae, hypo-aplasia of the articular facets and transitional vertebraes<10.1111/vru.12609><10.1111/vru.12753>