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The Immigration Policy in the United States plays an important role throughout the whole American history. Changes in immigration policy in the United States affect social and cultural issues as well as political, economic and interest issues. The formulation and adjustment of American immigration policy is not only the product of American traditional culture, but also the result of competition and compromise among different interest groups.

The United States immigration policy also runs through the entire U.S. economic development history. Studies have shown that policy changes in different periods of the United States have played a positive role in the economic development of different periods. Every change in immigration policy has had an impact on the US economy since the earliest liberal immigration period in the United States.

The immigration policy of the United States has its evolutionary process under different historical conditions in different periods. Changes in immigration policy can be divided into three major stages, The period of free migration (1607-1882); the period of exclusion and restriction (1882-World War II); and the period of restriction and selection (after World War II - now).

History

The period of free migration (1607-1882)

Since Columbus discovered the new continent of the Americas, North America had the activities of Europeans, until 1607, the British in Virginia's James estuary established the first colony base the Jamestown, after Jamestown, organized, permanent of the immigration activities began. As early as England has 13 colonies, Western European white settlers, mainly from England, largely moved to these 13 colonies and quickly replaced the Indians as the dominant force in the development of North America, at the same time, accompanied by a large number of blacks being forced to migrate as slaves To this land. They have had an important influence on the development of the colonial economy and the formation of the American nation and also have become the main force of the North American war of independence.

After the war of independence, the United States has become a new capitalist country, but the economic structure was incomplete and the industrial base was weak. To consolidate independence, The United States must quickly develop the economy. However, because of the low population of the United States, the biggest problem for the United States in developing is the extreme lack of labor. The government has adopted the policy to encouraging free immigration in order to solve the problem of labor shortage. A series of policies promulgated to make the western United States has been a huge development.

In 1864 the US government set up the immigration office, adopted the "encourage immigration law". As the United States has adopted a variety of incentives to encourage free immigrants, so a large number of immigrants came to the United States. From 1820 to 1860, the number of immigrants to the United States reached 5 million people, from 1861 to 1870 has 213.15 million immigrants, from 1871 to 1880 has 2 million 812 thousand immigrants, 1881 to 1900 has 3 million 688 thousand immigrants, 1901 to 1910 has 8 million 795 thousand immigrants. The influx of large numbers of immigrants has become a factor in the rapid growth of the population of the United States. It was precisely because of the hard work of immigrants, the United States has rapidly completed the industrialization, become the world's industrial power.