User:Callmestrawberry/sandbox

= Criminal stereotype of African Americans = While black women are more likely to be sexualized, black mean are more likely to be criminalized. How it gendered racialize and its consequences have existed since the earliest days in the United States.

History

The criminalization of black males have made a very long history in the United States that includes both legal and informal social laws that can lead to death or incarceration and both. The black male are often face with three sociohistorical threats that identifies principles of race consciousness, primacy of racialization, and ordinariness of racism that includes prison industrial complex created a new form of enslavement through the convict lease system, then the socially sanctioned lynchings that was used to intimidate and control the black community as well as position blacks as social problems.

Statistics

Patrick Sharkey and Micheal Friedson estimated that the decline in homicides led to a 0.80-year increase in life expectancy at birth for African American males, and reduced years of potential life lost by 1,156 years for every 100,000 African American males.

Perpetuation of negative images by popular culture

Policemen killing black males

Keon L. Gilbert and Rashawn Ray in Why Police Kill Black Males with Impunity: Applying Public Health Critical Race Praxis to Address the Determinants of Policing Behaviors and "justifiable" Homicide in the USA examines trends from 1960-2010 death by legal intervention by race and social class that high-income blacks are just as likely to be killed by police officers as low-income blacks

Social consequences

Jelani Kerr, Peter Schafer, Armon Perry, Julia Orkin, Maxine Vance, and Patricia O'Campo in The Impact of Racial Discrimination on African American Fathers' Intimate Relationships, mentions that African American have a lower marriage rate and a lower relationship quality compared to whites. The relationship between socioeconomic factors and experiences of racial discrimination and the extent to which racial discrimination, financial stress, and perceived stress are associated with marital status and intimate relationship quality for African American fathers. Aside from socioeconomic factors and experiences of racial discrimination, education was also positively associated with racial discrimination and the relation to the relationship negatively associates with perceived stress and racial discrimination.

Health consequences
Along with black males being incarcerated, it also conflict with people in an intimate relationship with African American, since African American men who have sex with men and women are among those heavily impacted by HIV in the United States, and those who have histories of incarceration are at further risk of infection. According to Maria R. Khan, Nabila El-Bassel, Carol E. Golin, Joy D. Scheidell, Adaora A. Admimora, Ashley M. Coatsworth, Hui Hu, Selena Judon-Monk, Katie P. Median, and David A. Wohl in The Committed Intimate Partnerships of Incarcerated African American Men: Implications for Sexual HIV Transmission Risk and Prevention Opportunities that HIV Incidence in African American men is seven times that of white men and twice that of Latino men. Also African American men who have sex with men and women are among those heavily impacted by HIV in the United States, and those who have histories of incarceration are at further risk of infection.