User:Cameronsimons24/sandbox

American Sports Activism

1: Article: Full article: ‘Black Athletes in White Men's Games’: Race, Sport and American National Pastimes (oclc.org)

1: Description: This article is focused black athletes coming into sports when it was dominated by white men in America. Information from this article includes many sports such as boxing, baseball, football, and others.

I feel that this article will be useful for it can help with a possible history section of activism in American sports by talking about how different races were affected and who those important activists were who kicked off some of these early activism movements.

2: Article: Full article: Protest, Activism, and the Olympic Games: An Overview of Key Issues and Iconic Moments (oclc.org)

2: Description: This article covers activism in the Olympics for many countries. Key moments that occurred are the Olympics existing during the Great Depression which caused protests from the American people and protests from athletes from instances such as women using it to help provide a platform for a feminist movement in the 1908 Olympics.

Since my page will be covering American Sports, I would only use the sections of the article that cover the United States along with what types of activism was done.

3: Article: Full article: What media coverage of the 1968 Olympic protests reveals about the deep structure of attitudes about athletic activism in the United States (oclc.org)

3: Description: This article covers one of the most iconic moments of sports activism where during the 1968 Olympics, where several United States athletes protested the Olympics along with the iconic photo with the raised closed fists being taken that most people have seen.

The photo is something I would use along with this article being in a section covering possibly “Iconic moments in American Sports Activism”.

4: Article: Full article: Rewriting activism: the NFL takes a knee (oclc.org)

4: Description: This article covers the controversies of the NFL taking a knee (not the whole league, rather many individuals and starting with Colin Kaepernick). The article covers the outbursts and takes a neutral perspective on why there was outrage of taking a knee but also explaining how it was a use of patriotism.

This article will be very useful for it is in my life the first big activism that I can remember along with one of the most iconic activism moments in sports ever.

5: Article: Full article: From Baseball Icon to Crusading Columnist: How Jackie Robinson Used His Column in the African-American Press to Continue His Fight for Civil Rights in Sports (oclc.org)

5: Description: This article covers the activism that Jackie Robinson had done throughout not only his professional sports career but also after. His activism went beyond race and breaking the color boundary in professional baseball.

This article will be useful because like Colin Kaepernick, Jackie is one of the most iconic professional sports activists, specifically when it comes to racial battles, however, Jackie was an activist for more than just that.

6: Article: Full article: “That’s it. i’m done with this team!”: public reactions to NFL teams’ racial activism as a function of social identity management (oclc.org)

6: Description: This article covers several things such as the NFL’s reaction to racism, history of activism against racism in sports, and social media activism. All of these have their importance in today’s world, especially social media which reaches on such a broad range and can be reposted to broaden the impact of what one says.

This article will be useful because of the broad range of topics that this article covers which will likely be useful throughout the wiki page that I will be creating with topics such as history of activism in sports, activism on social media, and activism in the NFL

7: Article: Full article: “Together, We Make Football”: The NFL’s “feminine” discourses (oclc.org)

Description: This article covers a feminist movement of the NFL that encourages women to become more involved such as the “together, we make football” movement, making more concerted appeals to women, and domestic violence abuse. These are all movements that the NFL is pushing for to raise awareness towards certain topics and in this case, more feminist like movements.

This article will be very useful because rather than the continuation of racial activism, I can talk about other activism in sports such as feminist movements which has been a topic that has got much more attention as of lately.

8: Article: Full article: Shut up and dribble? How popularity, activism, and real-world events shape attitudes towards LeBron James and race (oclc.org)

8: Description: this article covers how social media has such a large effect on people speaking out in a way of activism as Lebron James did. Since social media can pass around information in an instant, opinions can be made just as fast as this article goes on to explain both perspectives to why should someone speak up with a high standing, and if not them, then who.

This article will be useful because once again, I have come across another famous athlete who has been important in sports activism against racism by none other than someone who is often considered a top athlete in the history of the United States.

9: Article: Full article: Covering the Rooney Rule: An Exploratory Study of Print Coverage of NFL Head Coaching Searches (oclc.org)

9: Description:  This article covers the lack of using the Rooney Rule to what it should be used. The Rooney Rule states that a minority must be interviewed for a head coaching position when there is a vacancy and the article shows the lack of relation with the number of black players to coaches, along with important statistics throughout the history of the NFL such as the number of black head coaches.

This article will be useful because this is something that I think that gathering information from can be used to provide context to racism being maybe not intentional, but existing in the NFL despite it’s activism against racism.

10: Article: Full article: Identification by transitive property: intermediated consubstantiality in the N.F.L.'s Salute to Service campaign (oclc.org)

10: Description: This article cover’s the NFL’s Salute to Service Campaign which honors and supports our current and former military. This awareness of our military is important especially since we have lived in a world where war has been continuing which feels like nonstop. The article covers the use of a fan and player relationship to reach out in support of our fellow troops.

This article is useful because it provides me with one of very few articles of activism that is not related to race which can help broaden my Wiki article since I will have more topics to talk about and in this case, another NFL activism movement.