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The Butler Cave Conservation Society, Inc. (BCCS) is a 501(c)(3) non-profit Virginia corporation dedicated to the conservation, exploration, survey, preservation, and scientific study of Virginia's longest and deepest cave systems. It was formed by a group of Virginia and Pennsylvania cavers in 1968, making it the first cave conservancy in the United States. The idea of forming a society to protect and manage Butler Cave was formulated in July 1968 by Nevin C. and Thelma Davis, and Ike and Connie Nicholson, and the society was formed on 2 November 1968. The society then shortly leased the propertly containing the entrance to Butler Cave, and formally incorporated on 15 May 1970.

In the mid-1960, Butler Cave was the longest cave in Virginia Being the longest cave in Virginia, the cave attracted much attention from recreational and exploratory cavers, and incidents of vandalism and trespassing grew. After forming in 1968, BCCS established an access policy to curb prior problems of vandalism and trespassing, and the policy was announced in the NSS News in 1971.

The BCCS currently owns three properties in Bath and Highland counties totaling 159 acres, protecting the entrances to Butler Cave, Bobcat Cave, Robins Rift, and many other minor caves. As of August 2012, Butler Cave is the 42nd longest cave in the United States, and the Chestnut Ridge Cave system (including Bobcat Cave) is the 28th long cave in the US.

The BCCS is an affiliated conservancy of the National Speleological Society.