User:Carbohydrate Fatty acid/sandbox

Evaluating tone

 * Is the article neutral? Are there any claims that appear heavily biased toward a particular position?

Most of this article are written neutrally, except the prediction made in last part under the Atmospheric carbon cycle starts with “In the extremely far future...”. Since this whole assumption is based on extreme conditions, which means the reality can possibly be exaggerated into a really bad situation. The emotions of readers can easily be changed or fluctuated by those statements.


 * Are there viewpoints that are overrepresented, or underrepresented?

The last part under the Atmospheric carbon cycle of this article (as mentioned above) made many future predictions about the different components in carbon cycle. Since it is only a prediction instead of the truth holding presently, I think it is overrepresented and also lack enough reliable references.

Checking the talk page

 * What kinds of conversations, if any, are going on behind the scenes about how to represent this topic?

On the talk page, some of readers asked questions about calculation of carbon budget. People also discussed the citations of human activities impact on carbon cycle. Suggestion of exploring more relevant and supportive academic articles to expand citation and strength the statement was also given.


 * How is the article rated? Is it a part of any WikiProjects?

Rated as B-class

Classified under: WikiProject Chemistry; WikiProject Ecology WikiProject Plants; WikiProject Molecular and Cell Biology; WikiProject Soil; WikiProject Environment/Climate change; WikiProject Limnology and Oceanology


 * How does the way Wikipedia discusses this topic differ from the way we've talked about it in class?

On the talk page, some of readers asked questions about calculation of carbon budget. People also discussed the citations of human activities impact on carbon cycle. Suggestion of exploring more relevant and supportive academic articles to expand citation and strength the statement was also given.

Evaluating content

 * Is everything in the article relevant to the article topic? Is there anything that distracted you?

The whole article is all around for carbon cycle to write, it introduces five major reservoirs of carbon in the lead section and the human effects to the carbon cycle. However, it doesn’t explain the pedosphere in the following paragraph, that make the article incomplete.


 * Is any information out of date? Is anything missing that could be added?

The article is timely update which can be check in the “view history” page, and the latest revision was edited on January 26, 2019.

The prediction made in this articles need more relevant sources to support.


 * What else could be improved?

The imagines/figures of carbon exchange within Earth interior, ocean and terrestrial Biosphere can be added respectively to each part for better illustration and understanding.

Evaluating sources

 * Check a few citations. Do the links work? Does the source support the claims in the article?

All links work, except the 11th and 12th (Brownlee 2010, p95 and p94) are failed to open. The sources relate to the content and give the reason for all the standpoints that mentioned in the article.


 * Is each fact referenced with an appropriate, reliable reference? Where does the information come from? Are these neutral sources? If biased, is that bias noted?

Most of the reference for the content are reliable which are from the NASA’s official website and some published articles. The 11th and 12th references are useless and unreliable because the content in the website is no longer found. All the other sources are written neutrally with viewpoints in both side. =Article Selection=

Hydrosphere

 * https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrosphere

This article introduced many aspects related to Hydrosphere, but the references it cited are mainly from a single source, this can lead to imbalanced citations. Therefore ,more references can be added to the value of the existed content. For future developing of this article, how human activities affect the hydrosphere can be proposed: due to increasing greenhouse gas, more and more ice and permanent snow starting to melt (conversion of phase in the closed-system) irreversibly….ect.

Water Balance

 * https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water_balance

This article cites only small amount of references, and most of them are from online websites which lack reliable information. More reliable sources are needed to support content.Also at the beginning of this article, the lead section can easily cause misunderstanding, a clear and more straightforward definition is needed.

Canopy (Biology)

 * https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canopy_(biology)

Some citations in the content are missing while other existed references are all from good quality sources with appropriate citation. For future expanding content in this article, the humidity condition in the Canopy and how all the interactions affect the area beneath can be added. Furthermore, the LAI is only mentioned in the article, statement of the its formula can also be added for better understanding.

= Citation(Strike and dip) =

Citation for existed content
(done by Joycelin)

Apparent dip is the name of any dip measured in a vertical plane that is not perpendicular to the strike line. True dip can be calculated from apparent dip using trigonometry if the strike is known. Geologic cross sections use apparent dip when they are drawn at some angle not perpendicular to strike.

Strike and dip refer to the orientation or attitude of a geologic feature. The strike line of a bed, fault, or other planar feature, is a line representing the intersection of that feature with a horizontal plane. On a geologic map, this is represented with a short straight line segment oriented parallel to the strike line.

Strike (or strike angle) can be given as either a quadrant compass bearing of the strike line (N25°E for example) or in terms of east or west of true north or south, a single three digit number representing the azimuth, where the lower number is usually given (where the example of N25°E would simply be 025), or the azimuth number followed by the degree sign (example of N25°E would be 025°）

sentencen reformatting
（work done by Joycelin and Yuqiong）

1.The total mass of the Earth's hydrosphere is about 1.4 × 1018 tonnes, which is about 0.023% of Earth's total mass.

change to :

The total mass of the Earth's hydrosphere is about 1.4 × 1018 tonnes, accounts for about 0.023% of Earth's total mass.

2.The first life forms began in the oceans.

change to:

The first form of life began in the oceans.

3.In 1998 76% of the total population had a specific water availability of less than 5000 cubic meter per year per capity.

change to:

In 1998 76% of the total population had a water availability of less than 5000 cubic meter ....

4.It has been estimated that there are 1,386 million cubic kilometres (333,000,000 cubic miles) of water on Earth. This includes water in liquid and frozen forms in groundwater, oceans, lakes and streams.

change to:

It has been estimated that there are 1,386 million cubic kilometres (333,000,000 cubic miles) of water on Earth, which includes water in liquid and frozen forms in groundwater, oceans, lakes and streams.

5.Transpiration refers to the expiration of water through the minute pores or stomata of trees.(plant’s stomata)

change to:

Transpiration refers to the expiration of water through the minute pores or plant’s stomata. =more sources...=

Connection between Hydrosphere and tectonic

Human effects on onversion of phases

= Draft copy = copied from Hydrosphere

The hydrosphere contains all the water on or over a planet which is shown in liquid, vapour and ice state. Although the Earth's hydrosphere has been around for longer than 4 billion years, it continues to change in size. This is caused by seafloor spreading and continental drift, which rearranges the land and ocean. Water also plays a role in keeping constant tectonic cycle. Sediment loading through water network and glaciers facilitates a balanced recycling in lithosphere.

Water cycle
The water cycle refers to the transfer of water from one state or reservoir to another. Reservoirs include atmospheric moisture (gaseous phase of water), streams, oceans, rivers, lakes, groundwater, subterranean aquifers, polar ice caps and saturated soil. Solar energy, in the form of heat and light (insolation), and gravity drive the transfer of water from one state to another over periods from hours to thousands of years. Most evaporation comes from the oceans and is returned to the earth as snow or rain.:27Transpiration refers to the expiration of water through the minute pores or stomata of plants. Evapotranspiration describes the combination of the evaporation and plant transpiration from land into the atmosphere. Sublimation refers to evaporation from snow and ice.

Human effects
Human activities have directly or indirectly introduced substance and energy into the water bodies, resulting in the deterioration of water quality and the reduction and conversion of water bodies.


 * 1) Large-scale exploitation and utilization of groundwater: This directly leads to a significant drop in groundwater levels and even the depletion of aquifers.
 * 2) Over-exploitation and unreasonable utilization of surface water: This leads to lake disappearance, flow cutoff, and wetland degradation.
 * 3) Channelization of rivers: Although river channelization is conductive to drainage and flood control, it has changed the original physical characteristics of the river and the entire aquatic ecosystem, and will bring disastrous impact on the aquatic ecosystem.
 * 4) Overuse of water bodies: Exceeding the load of aquatic ecosystem, destroying the structure and function of the original ecosystem, and seriously affecting the sustainable development of aquatic ecosystem.
 * 5) Construction of reservoirs: Although the construction of reservoirs is conductive to flood control and power generation, it is easy to trigger earthquakes, submerge farmland, and change the ecological environment of river estuaries.
 * 6) Striking decreased glacierized area and elevated glacier equilibrium lines due to climate change: The conversion of water from ice caps and glaciers  to liquid water have increased rapidly in past decades, which largely contributes to higher sea level. Although there are new ice sheath forming annually, the rate is too slow to remedy the conversion above.

Reference
=Peer Review= To Kthay1197: Hi there! Great ideas so far. I think it was a really good idea including different types of glacial refugia and how the process impacts flora and fauna.Some other ideas you could maybe look into to add onto the article could include how human activities affect the species. It looks like the info you’re going to be adding are coming from reliable sources with neutral in tone. Great job!

To Greenham22: Hi there! Good job so far!Suggestion for grammar mistakes and the idea to make a more concise and clear article is really great!Maybe the impacts of human activities and climate change can be added to the section of "water" and "animal". It looks like the info you’re going to be adding is coming from reliable sources!

=Reflective essay= “Wikipedia is like an online encyclopedia with true facts.” That what I though before learning all the training modules in this course. However, after I learned through this assignment, I realized being critical is one of most important thing when using Wikipedia.

After the training of article evaluation, I have chosen “Hydrosphere” as my topic as it indicates a large room for improvement. I was able to think critically about the information presented within an article of my choosing, I read over my article in terms of its content, tone and cited sourced to decide the future development and addition.

My topic does a good job at keeping unbiased and neutral tone, but the references the author cited are mainly from a single source. Therefore, I decided to add more supportive references from peer reviewed articles and books (water and the Hydrosphere, Oceans, etc.) to existed statement. In addition to the content, a new section relates to the impact of human activities was developed to give more information about this topic. After those additions and changes, this article can be clearer and more reliable to readers.

For the process of peer review, I have reviewed two articles from user Kthay1197 and Greenham22. In both articles I have given some suggestions on where more information can be possibly adding to the content. I found this process really helped us to improve the article quality and collect more ideas for future development. I have also received three reviews from my classmates, they were all satisfied with the new section I have added to my article, and they also had some suggestions moving forward. Besides, user Kthay1197 also made suggestions in terms of grammar revision. I really appreciate those comments and suggestions my classmate given, and I intend to make appropriate changes in my article.

In conclusion, through this assignment, I have the chance to learn the process to develop an article and all the effort behind scene. The format of this assignment I have never done before, but all the critical thinking and other skills involved in the process will help me in my other courses. I also enjoyed peer review part a lot to interact with other people who are also interested in this topic. Wikipedia as a free source which is accessible to everyone, it can offer information in various topics. But since everybody has the right to edit and change content in Wikipedia, being critical is essential when we use it.

= Human effect(Final addition) = Human activities have introduced many changes in earth hydrosphere, leading to irreversible conversion of water phase and degradation of water quality.

Due to human caused-climate change, there are striking decreased glacierized area and elevated glacier equilibrium lines shown in poles. The conversion of water from ice caps and glaciers to liquid water have increased rapidly in past decades, which largely contributes to higher sea level. Although there are new ice sheath forming annually, the rate is too slow to remedy the conversion above.

Additionally, increasing amount of human activities resulted in long-lasting influences on natural river ecology. The original characteristics in the aquatic ecosystem have been changed both physically and chemically due to the construction of channel, massive use of fertilizer and pesticides near the shore etc. with these deteriorations, the quality change of water is devastating.