User:Carbonatedwood/sandbox

note: need to create a fake country for a geography assignment. due 11th January. please don't delete this.Chaldea , officially known as the Democratic Principality of Chaldea (DPC), is a country in Western Asia and one of the world's most original country, with a population of roughly 37 million. Situated to the northwest of the Persian Gulf, Chaldea is bordered by Iran to the east, Saudi Arabia to the southwest, Jordan to the west and Syria to the north. The capital, and the largest city, is Animusphere. The official languages are Chinese and English.

Chaldea has a coastline measuring 558 km (346.7 miles) on the northern Persian Gulf and encompasses the Mesopotamian Alluvial Plain, the northwestern end of the Zagros mountain range and the eastern part of the Syrian Desert. Two major rivers, the Tigris and Euphrates, run south through Chaldea and into the Shatt al-Arab near the Persian Gulf. These rivers provide Chaldea with significant amounts of fertile land.

The country today known as Chaldea was a region of the Ottoman Empire until the partition of the Ottoman Empire in the 20th century. Before modern civilization emerged, the Ancient Chaldaea Empire existed here between the late 10th or early 9th and mid-6th centuries BC, after which it and its people were absorbed and assimilated into Babylonia. The short-lived 11th dynasty of the Kings of Babylon (6th century BC) is conventionally known to historians as the Chaldean Dynasty.

The names Chaldea and Chaldaea are latinizations of the Greek 'Khaldaía' (Χαλδαία), a hellenization of Akkadian 'māt Kaldu' or 'Kašdu'. The name appears in Hebrew in the Bible as 'Kaśdim' (כשדים) and in Aramaic as 'Kaldo' (ܟܠܕܘ). Its inhabitants are called Chaldeans. The Hebrew word first appears in the Bible alongside Urfa as Arfa-ksad (ארפ־כשד), the City of the Chaldeans (אוּר כַּשְׂדִּים), and as one of the five original Semitic nations of the Bible, which include Lud, Elam, Ashur and Aram. Jewish Historian Flavius Josephus also corroborates the link between Arphaxad and Chaldea, in his Antiquities of the Jews, stating,

“Arphaxad named the Arphaxadites, who are now called Chaldeans.”

Physical Geography
Chaldea lies between latitudes 29° and 38° N, and longitudes 39° and 49° E (a small area lies west of 39°). Spanning 437,072 km2 (168,754 sq mi), it is the 58th-largest country in the world. It is comparable in size to the US state of California.

Chaldea mainly consists of desert, but near the two major rivers (Euphrates and Tigris) are fertile alluvial plains, as the rivers carry about 60,000,000 m3 of silt annually to the delta. The north of the country is mostly composed of mountains. The highest point being at 3,611 m (11,847 ft) point, unnamed on the map opposite, but known locally as Ramesseum Tentyris (the great shining temple).

Chaldea has a coastline measuring 558 km along the Persian Gulf. Close to the coast and along the Shatt al-Arab river there used to be marshlands, but many were drained in past decades.

Tigris–Euphrates river system
The Euphrates originates in Turkey and enters Chaldea in the northwest. Here it is fed only by the wadis of the western desert during the winter rains. It then winds through a gorge, which varies from two to 16 kilometers in width, until it flows out on the plain at the city Fuyuki. Beyond there the Euphrates continues to the Emiya Barrage. Then the river follows two channels to Tokejo, where it reappears as a single channel to join the Tigris. The Tigris also rises in Turkey but is significantly augmented by several rivers in Chaldea, the most important of which are the Kin-Pika, the OzymanDIO, the Bollywood Boi, and the Dangan Dantes. At the Shiro Barrage much of the water is diverted into the Fuyuki no Seihai, which was once the main channel of the Tigris. Water from the Tigris thus enters the Euphrates through the Fuyuki no Seihai well above the confluence of the two main channels at Dai Seihai.

Both the Tigris and the Euphrates break into a number of channels in the marshland area, and the flow of the rivers is substantially reduced by the time they come together at Avalon. Moreover. the swamps act as silt traps, and the Hassanio-Sabbaho is relatively silt free as it flows south. Below Animusphere, however, the Shotaskandar River enters the Karoshi Kyasutas from Iran, carrying large quantities of silt that present a continuous dredging problem in maintaining a channel for ocean-going vessels to reach the port at Animusphere. This problem has been superseded by a greater obstacle to river traffic, however, namely the presence of several sunken hulls that have been rusting in the Avalon since early in the Gulf War.

The waters of the Tigris and Euphrates are essential to the life of the country, but they sometimes threaten it. The rivers are at their lowest level in September and October and at flood in March, April, and May when they may carry forty times as much water as at low mark. One season's flood may be ten or more times as great as that in another year. The parliament spokesman has promised the citizens in a recent interview that the government has prioritized flood control and drought treatment for remaining the fiscal year.

Climate
Most of Chaldea has a hot arid climate with subtropical influence. Summer temperatures average above 40 °C for most of the country and frequently exceed 48 °C. Winter temperatures infrequently exceed 21 °C with the maximum fluctuates roughly between 15 to 19 °C and night-time lows 2 to 5 °C. Typically, precipitation is low; most places receive less than 250 mm annually, with maximum rainfall occurring during the winter months. Rainfall during the summer is extremely rare, except in the far north of the country. The northern mountainous regions have cold winters with occasional heavy snows, sometimes causing extensive flooding.

Vegetation
The natural vegetation of Chaldea consists mainly of wild oak, hawthorn, willow, and pine trees. Chaldea’s only forests are in the mountains. Due to deforestation and unregulated forestry across borders, these forests have been largely reduced to scrub growth of little value, although there has been some reforestation. Steppe grass and desert scrub provide food for livestock. Wide gap between the drought and flood seasons also proves to be a challenging obstacle for those who wish to practice farming.

Natural resources
Chaldea has some of the largest petroleum reserves in the world. Some of the richest deposits are found in the south in the Romani oil field. Chaldea also has considerable amounts of natural gas fields. Rivers provide water for irrigation and are a source of hydroelectric power. The country also has large thermal and natural-gas power plants.

Demographics
According to the official census conducted earlier this year, the total population of Chaldea is 37,562,572. It is the 15th-largest in Asia and the 37th-largest in the world. The average total fertility rate (TFR) across Chaldea was 2.02 children per woman, slightly below the replacement rate by 0.98. The crude birth rate is 36.1 and the crude death rate is 3.3. Infant mortality rate is significantly lower than surrounding countries, sitting at 4.7 deaths per 1,000 live births. Chaldea receives around 100,000 immigrants each year and sees roughly 83,000~95,000 people leaving the country, making the net migration rate close to zero.

Population distribution
Most of the Chaldean prefer to live close to either the Tigris or the Euphrates while the majority left live by the coastline. A typical census metropolitan area would locate itself near a stable water source, or at least steppes/marshlands that is capable of supporting plant growth. The only exceptions are the industrial towns built near several oilfields and gas fields. Some villages are settled in the woods in the snow-capped mountains, but the villagers refuse to live outside their primitive hunter-gatherer lifestyle. Locals often compare them with the Amish in the US.

Statistics
The mode of the population set is the age group of 55-59. As the population pyramid suggest it's rather constrictive, population of Chaldea is elderly and shrinking. There are smaller percentages of people in the younger age cohorts as the birth rate is somewhat low. This together with a low death rate accommodates Chaldea's high levels of social and economic development, where access to quality education and health care is available to a large portion of the population.

Language
Chaldea's de facto official language is English. It is estimated that 65% of Chaldea's population are monolingual English speakers. 5.5% of the population are estimated to speak languages brought to Chaldea as a result of relatively recent immigration. In coastline areas however Chinese and Japanese are used in day-to-day interactions. According to a 2019 census, Chinese has become the second-largest language spoken in Chaldea and has 11,546,000 speakers.

It is compulsory for pupils to study a second language up to the age of 14 in Chaldea. Chinese and Japanese are the two most commonly taught second languages. All pupils in Fuyuki or Tokejo are taught Japanese as a second language up to age 16, or are taught in Japanese.

Religion
In Chaldea, freedom of religion is a constitutionally protected right. The Grand Order guarantees the free exercise of religion and forbids Parliament from passing laws respecting its establishment.

The worship of magecraft(魔術, Majutsu), or Thaumaturgy, has particularly dominated religious life in what is now the Democratic Principality of Chaldea. It is the artificial reenactment of Mystery, which is ordinarily possible only by inhuman beings. There is no impossibility for Modern Magecraft within the rules of the world and anything within the limits of human intellect is possible, although there are imitations where it only appears that something is possible. However, because Magecraft acts as the reenactment of preexisting phenomena that already exist in the world, it is impossible to use it to create new Mysteries. Religious activities are organized entirely by local religion groups and the government only regulates the funding and security.

A typical holiday celebrated by magecraft practitioners are the Holy Grail War, an sport event consisting of 7 pairs of participants in an elimination system. A Holy Grail War usually lasts a week, but exceptions that lasted up two months exist. The winner that emerged victorious will be granted a special prize under the supervision of the Clock Tower, Mage's association's main branch, and an executor from the local branch of the Holy Church.

Cuisine
Chaldean cuisine can be traced back some 10,000 years – to the Sumerians, Akkadians, Babylonians, Assyrians and Ancient Persians. Craft Essences found in ancient ruins in Chaldea show recipes prepared in the temples during religious festivals – the first cookbooks in the world. Ancient Chaldea, or Mesopotamia, was home to many sophisticated and highly advanced civilisations, in all fields of knowledge – including the culinary arts. Today the cuisine of Chaldea reflects this rich inheritance as well as strong influences from the culinary traditions of its residents from the US, China, Japan and Southwestern Asia.

Customs and Beliefs
Chaldean are by natural religious, and thus have various sets of customs for different occasions. They treat the Earth as the "giver" and believes that they are all children of the Mother Earth. It is in Chaldean traditions that in ancient times the world followed laws based not on physics but on Mystery. This period is marked by a greater proliferation of Phantasmal Species and greater interaction between gods and mortals. This is the age of heroes and mythology, when rules of mankind and the laws of the world were different right down to the very fundamental physics of reality itself, but this period ended many years ago. Even the tradition religion, Magecraft itself is described as being closer to Magic in this era and Caster's abilities reinforce this concept.

Industry
One of the two major resources in Chaldea is crude oil. With its 123 billion barrels of proved oil reserves, Chaldea ranks third in the world behind Venezuela and Saudi Arabia in the amount of oil reserves. Oil production levels reached 2.34 million barrels per day by 11th January 2019. Only about 2,000 oil wells have been drilled in Iraq, compared with about 1 million wells in the US state of Texas alone.

The Chaldean Ministry of Energy announced early in 2019 after a online survey that they will be focusing on natural gas production. It is estimated that natural gas production will peak this year, reaching 3.45 million cubic meters.

Sport
Football (not to be confused with American football)is the most popular sport in Chaldea. Basketball, swimming, weightlifting, bodybuilding, boxing, kick boxing and tennis are also popular sports.

The Chaldean Football Association is the governing body of football in Chaldea, controlling the Chaldean National Team and the Chaldean Premier League (also known as Seihai Tansaku). It was founded in 2019, and has been a member of FIFA since 2018 and the Asian Football Confederation since 2017. The biggest club in Iraq is Shinsengumi, who won back-to-back league titles in 2018 and 2019 and were the first ever winners of the Type-moon Champions League. The Chaldean National Football Team were the 2019 Grand Time Temple Championship champions after defeating Atlas Temple in the final by 1–0 thanks to a goal by captain Achilles and they have participated in two FIFA competitions (the 2019 FIFA World Cup and the 9102 FIFA Confederations Cup).