User:Carneadesofcyrene/sandbox/WomenBusinessAndTheLaw

Map of 2021 WBL Index Red indicates less gender equality, blue indicates more gender equality.

The Women, Business and the Law report from the World Bank is an annual report that measures the legal barriers to women's economic empowerment for 190 countries around the world. The index covers a range of topics including physical mobility, workplace equality, pay equality, marriage, parenthood rights, ability to start and own a business, asset ownership, and pension rights.

Methodology
The current version of the index measures thirty-five specific questions covering women's economic empowerment across eight indicators spanning different phases of a woman's working life. Each of the eight categories has four or five binary, yes or no questions. The score in each category is determined by the share of "yes" answers (e.g. if a country receives 3 yes answers out of 5, its score would be 60 out of 100). The full index is an average of the scores in all eight categories.

Assumptions:
The index relies on several assumptions about the woman in question. "It is assumed that the woman in question


 * "resides in the economy's main business city.
 * has reached the legal age of majority and is capable of making decisions as an adult, is in good health and has no criminal record.
 * is a lawful citizen of the economy being examined.
 * is a cashier in the food retail sector in a supermarket or grocery store that has 60 employees.
 * is a cisgender, heterosexual woman in a monogamous first marriage registered with the appropriate authorities (de facto marriages and customary unions are not measured).
 * is of the same religion as her husband.
 * is in a marriage under the rules of the default marital property regime, or the most common regime for that jurisdiction, which will not change during the course of the marriage.
 * is not a member of a union, unless membership is mandatory. Membership is considered mandatory when collective bargaining agreements cover more than 50 percent of the workforce in the food retail sector and when they apply to individuals who were not party to the original collective bargaining agreement.

For the questions on retirement and pensions, it is assumed that


 * the woman gave birth without complications to two healthy children.
 * the woman ceased all paid activity during periods of child care. If the period covered by a pension credit is conditioned on the age of the child, the period until the child reaches age one is counted.
 * if transitional provisions gradually change the retirement age, the answer will reflect the retirement age as of October 1, 2020, even if the law provides for changes over time.
 * if a mandatory contributory pension system applicable to the private sector and a noncontributory universal pension system coexist, the answers will correspond with the rules applicable to the mandatory contributory pension system.
 * if pension systems are not mandatory or were not in force as of October 1, 2020, they are not measured.
 * the ages are reported as years plus a fraction of the months in a year."

Categories and Questions

 * Mobility
 * Can a woman choose to live in the same way as a man?
 * Can a woman travel outside her home in the same way as a man?
 * Can a woman apply for a passport in the same way as a man?
 * Can a woman travel outside the country in the same way as a man?
 * Workplace
 * Can a woman get a job in the same way as a man?
 * Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?
 * Is there legislation on sexual harassment in employment?
 * Are there criminal penalties or civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment?
 * Pay
 * Does the law mandate equal remuneration for work of equal value?
 * Can a woman work at night in the same way as a man?
 * Can a woman work in a job deemed dangerous in the same way as a man?
 * Can a woman work in an industrial job in the same way as a man?
 * Marriage
 * Is there no legal provision that requires a married women to obey her husband?
 * Can a woman be head of household in the same way as a man?
 * Is there legislation specifically addressing domestic violence?
 * Can a woman obtain a judgement of divorce in the same way as a man?
 * Does a woman have the same rights to remarry as a man?
 * Parenthood
 * Is paid leave of at least 14 weeks available to mothers?
 * Does the government administer 100% of maternity leave benefits?
 * Is there paid leave available to fathers?
 * Is there paid parental leave?
 * Is dismissal of pregnant workers prohibited?
 * Entrepreneurship
 * Does the law prohibit discrimination in access to credit based on gender?
 * Can a woman sign a contract in the same way as a man?
 * Can a woman register a business in the same way as a man?
 * Can a woman open a bank account in the same way as a man?
 * Assets
 * Do men and women have equal ownership rights to immovable property?
 * Do sons and daughters have equal rights to inherit assets from their parents?
 * Do female and male surviving spouses have equal rights to inherit assets?
 * Does the law grant spouses equal administrative authority over assets during marriage?
 * Does the law provide for the valuation of nonmonetary contributions?
 * Pension
 * Are the ages at which men and women can retire with full pension benefits the same?
 * Are the ages at which men and women can retire with partial pension benefits the same?
 * Is the mandatory retirement age for men and women the same?
 * Are periods of absence due to childcare taken into account in pension benefits?