User:Catherinerbarton/sandbox

In general, the article seems to be well cited which lessens the risk for unattributed plagiarism. I could not find any blatant acts of cited plagiarism or close paraphrasing as of yet. Some sources are not open source so cannot technically evaluate if something was plagiarized from those.

Not sure if this is plagiarism, but the use of the terms from source 3 (second sentence) is directly from the pubmed article but remains confusing in this context. The Pubmed article used quotations to differentiate the two terms, which is removed in the article but makes less clear. It may be okay to use the same quotations since the terms are defined you cannot paraphrase them anyway.

The source for signs and symptoms didn't seem to include maternal tachycardia BPM, might want to cite a source for that since it did not seem to appear in text (tachycardia did, not the 100BPM).

Breast prostheses are breast forms intended to simulate breasts. There are a number of materials and designs; although, the most common construction is gel (silicone or water-based) in a plastic film meant to simulate skin. Prostheses may be purchased at a surgical supply store, pharmacy, custom lingerie shop, or even through private services that come to a person's home. Customized options are also available from specialty shops, which are moulded to fit an individual's chest by taking an impression of the breast(s). The impression may be done via a mould or via scanner technology. The areola and nipple may be replicated as part of the breast form or as a separate nipple prosthesis. Both custom made and off-the shelf breast prostheses come in varieties may be held in a pocket in a specially-designed mastectomy bra or attached to the skin via adhesive or other methods and worn with a standard bra.

External breast prostheses are commonly used in women who have undergone surgical treatment for breast cancer such as a mastectomy or lumpectomy. The use of prostheses may help with symmetry and balance, and has psychological benefits including improved self-confidence.

Breast prostheses have a long history. In the 19th century they were made of rubber. On 27 January 1874, a U.S. patent for a "breast pad" was issued to Frederick Cox (No. US 146805). His design consisted of rubber pads filled with air encased in cotton. Later in 1885, Charles L. Morehouse received US patent 326915 for his "Breast-Pad", made of natural rubber and inflatable with air at normal pressure. Newer designs such as that of Laura Wolfe's in 1904 parted with the air-filled design, which was prone to punctures, in favor of down feather and silk floss filling.

While breast forms were mainly sold for post-surgical purposes, over time the aesthetic potential of these prosthetics was explored. Breast form development increased in the mid 20th century as more companies began to sell and market a variety of breast forms with new materials made possible by chemical engineering advancements. Eventually, marketing for breast prosthetics expanded to target people other than cisgender women looking for a surgical prosthetic or cosmetic enhancement. Companies like NearlyMe created product branding for trans and non-binary individuals.

By the 1970s, external breast forms made of silicone were on the market.

A patent was issued to Wayman R. Spence on 26 April 1977 for his design that featured silicone gel encompassed in a porous and elastic outer covering. This design sought to provide the benefit of a weighted form, given that lightweight padding materials such as fabric.

Many pre or non-hormonal trans women and men who cross-dress as women use breast prostheses in order to create the illusion of feminine breasts. They are sometimes combined with cleavage enhancement techniques when used with clothing with low necklines.

Example of a man wearing a cleavage top

Full frontal Cleavage Tops are also available, mainly marketed to the Transgender community. They incorporate a pair of breast prostheses in a one-piece skin coloured garment that is designed to provide the illusion of natural cleavage. Such garments have the disadvantage of having a visible top edge at the neck, which requires the wearing of a choker or similar necklace to hide the top edge of the garment. The edges of the breast prostheses are often distinguishable through the thin outer cover.

Achard-Thiers Syndrome (also known as diabetic-bearded woman syndrome) is a rare disorder mainly occurring in postmenopausal women. It is characterized by type II diabetes mellitus and signs related to the overproduction of androgens.

The disease is named for Achard and Thiers (previous citation), who first described the syndrome in 1921 (cite new source).

Medical syndrome sections


 * Classification: If relevant. May also be placed as a subheading of Diagnosis.
 * Signs and symptoms or Characteristics or Presentation (subsection Complications)
 * Causes: Includes risk factors, triggers, genetics, virology (e.g., structure/morphology and replication), spread.
 * Mechanism: For information about pathogenesis and pathophysiology.
 * Diagnosis: Includes characteristic biopsy findings and differential diagnosis.
 * Prevention or Screening (If the section only discusses secondary prevention, it should follow the treatment section.)
 * Treatment (or Management, especially for chronic conditions): This might include any type of currently used treatment, such as diet, exercise, medication, palliative care, physical therapy, psychotherapy, self care, surgery, watchful waiting, and many other possibilities. Consider discussing treatments in a plausible order in which they might be tried, or discussing the most common treatments first. Avoid experimental/speculative treatments and preventive measures (e.g., prophylactic vaccines or infection-avoidance techniques). Wikipedia articles should not be written in a "how-to" style, but this does not prevent adding official guidelines of treatments or managements if these can be presented in an objective manner and with medically reliable sources.
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 * Epidemiology: factors such as incidence, prevalence, age distribution, and sex ratio.
 * History: Early discoveries, historical figures, and outdated treatments (not patient history)
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 * Research directions: Include only if addressed by significant sources. See Trivia, and avoid useless statements like "More research is needed". Wikipedia is not a directory of clinical trials or researchers.
 * Special populations, such as Geriatrics or Pregnancy or Children

Achard-Thiers Syndrome

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