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Scrotoplasty, also known as oscheoplasty, is a form of male genital plastic surgery to create or repair the scrotum. The history of male genital plastic surgery is rooted in many cultures and dates back to ancient times. However, scientific research for male genital plastic surgery such as scrotoplasty began to develop in the early 1900s. There are a variety of reasons why scrotoplasty is done. Some transgender men and intersex or non-binary people who were assigned female at birth may choose to have this surgery to create a scrotum, as part of their transition. Other reasons for this procedure include addressing issues with the scrotum due to birth defects, aging, or medical conditions such as infection. For newborn males with penoscrotal defects such as webbed penis, a condition in which the penile shaft is attached to the scrotum, scrotoplasty can be performed to restore normal appearance and function. For older male adults, the scrotum may extend with age. Scrotoplasty or scrotal lift can be performed to remove the loose, excess skin. Scrotoplasty can also be performed for males who undergo infection, necrosis, traumatic injury of the scrotum.

Buried Penis and Penoscrotal Webbing
Buried penis is a condition when the penis is attached to their scrotum with an excess of skin. This condition can affect both newborn and adult males. Scrotoplasty can be performed to remove the extra skin in the scrotal area and reshape their scrotum. Penoscrotal webbing is another condition, where the skin connecting the penis to the scrotum extends along the underside of the penis shaft like a web. This condition is easily confused with buried penis. Both conditions affect newborn and adult males but they do not always require surgery. Scrotoplasty can be considered to remove excess skin in order to restore normal appearance of their scrotum and penis length, which can improve a man's confidence. In both conditions, the scrotoplasty procedure involves making an incision in the fused part between the penis and scrotum and then reconstructing the scrotum.

Fournier's Gangrene, Trauma, and Cancer
There are various medical conditions that result in the loss of scrotal skin and require surgery repair. Fournier's gangrene is a condition that results in the necrosis or death of the skin tissue of the scrotum, which requires surgery. Scrotoplasty is performed to remove necrotic skin and reconstruct the scrotum to restore its function. Another reason for scrotoplasty includes trauma to the scrotum, such as from burns, machinery accidents, traffic accidents, firearm accidents, and surgical accidents. People who experience these injuries may require scrotoplasty if they lose more than 50% of their skin. Reconstructing scrotal skin can be accomplished by using skin grafts from other areas of the body. Tissue expansion, a procedure in which the skin is stretched to regenerate new cells, can also be an option in order to restore scrotal skin loss. Cancer that affects the scrotum and requires removal of tissue may also require scrotoplasty to repair the scrotum.

Scrotoplasty for scrotal skin loss
There are various categories of injuries to the scrotum that result in the loss of scrotal skin tissue and require scrotoplasty. The first category of scrotal injury includes trauma to the scrotum, such as from machinery accidents, traffic accidents, firearm accidents, and surgical accidents. People who experience these injuries may require scrotoplasty if they lose more than 50% of their skin [citation]. Reconstructing scrotal skin can be accomplished by using skin grafts from other areas of the body. Tissue expansion, a procedure in which the skin is stretched to regenerate new cells, can also be an option in order to restore scrotal skin loss. The second category of scrotal injury includes infection and in some cases necrosis or death of the skin tissue.