User:Cdw1952/Boot camp (correctional)

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Boot camp, refers to a military-type youth correctional program designed to use attack therapy, shock incarceration, so called tough love or other confrontational approaches intended to induce behavioral changes in troubled teens and young adults. They may be public or private institutions with some being court ordered as part of the penal system. They may be voluntary or parent choice Military Boot camps. They may also be designed to lead to military enlistment. A boot camp is a very strict, highly structured facility with staff that act as drill instructors. Boot camps are usually state run correctional facilities where teens are sentenced by judges. Boot camps are sometimes the only option for teens in the criminal justice system.

Military Schools
Traditional military schools are usually not appropriate for a defiant, unruly, out-of-control teen, are not willing to enroll an unwilling student. A military school is also a very structured environment. The students or cadets are monitored closely. If a teen is defiant or unruly most military schools will not allow them to stay.

Public Military Style Boot camps
Public boot camps are sponsored by the state. These camps are also known as prison boot camps, or jail boot camps. In most US states participation in boot camp programs is offered to young first-time offenders in place of a prison term or probation, in some states a youth can also be sentenced to participate in such a program. The time served can range from 90 to 180 days, which can make up for prison sentences of up to 10 years. How serving time and boot camp time is equated differs among facilities and states. Offenders who do not finish a program must serve the original prison sentence. Federal shock incarceration programs are authorized under 18 U.S.C. § 4046. In 1995 the US federal government and about two-thirds of the 50 states were operating boot camp programs.

Parent Choice Boot Camps
Boot camps, using similar methods, offer parents a choice to regain lost control of their teens and the hope of positive changes in behavior. In advertisements they claim to "scare kids straight", "help defiant adolescents improve their behavior" and guarantee "97% parent satisfaction". One common name for this type is "tough love wilderness camps". In these cases it is not a judge but the parents who decide the fate of a teen and they cover the costs. The consent of the teen is not required.

Boot camps claim to remove children "from environments filled with negative influences and triggering events that produce self-defeating, reckless or self-destructive behavior". Other types of programs (see outdoor education, adventure therapy, and wilderness therapy) use this method while avoiding all or some of the controversial methods of boot camps, and they claim lower recidivism.


 * Adventure and Wilderness therapy

Offer a caring and family focused alternative to clinical wilderness treatment programs labeled as a boot camp or brat camp.

Abuse
According to the New York Times there have been 31 known deaths of youths in US boot camps since 1980.