User:Ceciruthm7/sandbox/Tourism in Peru

Tourism Gram - Peru 1.0	Map of where the country is located 2.0	Background 2.1	Land and Climate 2.1.1	Peru’s coastline faces the Pacific Ocean, it also borders Ecuador, Columbia, Bolivia, Brazil, and Chile 2.1.2	The climate in Peru varies widely based on altitude and latitude. You can experience tropical wet, arid, and highland climates in Peru 2.2	History 2.2.1	3.0	The People 3.1	Population 3.1.1	Current population in Peru is 32,423,799 people 3.2	Government 3.2.1	Presidential representative democratic republic. Peru is a multi-party system. Their three branches of government are executive, legislative, and judiciary. 3.2.2	Peru’s current president is Pedro Pablo Kuczynski. He was elected in 2016. 3.3	Economy 3.3.1	Peru’s economy scores above the regional and world averages. “Peru’s economic freedom score is 68.7, making its economy the 43rd freest in the 2018 Index.” 3.3.2	Their economy is affected by factors such as fiscal health, government corruption, and foreign investments. 3.4	Language 3.5	Religion 3.6	Food/Diet 3.7	Customs/Courtesies 3.8	Holidays 4.0	Tourism 4.1	Visa/Entry Requirements 4.1.1	There are 99 jurisdictions that can visit Peru as tourists for up to 183 with just a passport. Those who are members and associated countries in the Schengen agreement can stay up to 90 days without a Visa. 4.1.2	 4.2	Currency/Currency Conversion (at least US and Canadian, Euros, Pounds, and yens) 4.2.1	Peruvian Sol 4.2.1.1	1 Peru Sol = $.31 U.S. dollar, $.40 Canadian dollar, .25 Euro, .22 Pound, 32.42 Yen 4.3	Key Tourism Niche Markets 4.4	Level of Tourism Development (e.g., hotels, infrastructure) 4.5	Transportation Options 4.5.1	Air 4.5.1.1	Peru does not have one clear national airline,[5] but rather a number of different airlines offering service to Peru from North America, South America, Europe, and Asia. Some of the most popular airlines are LAN Perú (domestic and international), Avianca Peru(international), and Star Perú (domestic). The country's airports are also served by many international airlines from other nations. The Jorge Chávez International Airport in Lima is the nation's leading international airport and received 15,295,808 passengers in 2013. Domestic air travel serves as a major method for tourists to traverse the country with multiple airlines offering service between many of Peru's cities. 4.5.2	Highways 4.5.2.1	Peru has land borders with five countries and has highway connections with all but Colombia. International bus routes are operated on each of these highways providing service from Peruvian cities to other South American cities. Domestically, the highway system is extensive and covers nearly the entire country excluding the department of Loreto which can only be accessed by boat or airplane. There are frequent buses traveling throughout the country. But, bus travel is dangerous as many of these highways are built on cliffs, and accidents leading to death are frequently reported by the media. Occasionally buses are held up by highwaymen in remote areas. The buses range in size and comfort but they usually have cushioned reclining seats and a form of onboard entertainment, such as a movie or music. Many offer bus-camas, or sleeper buses, with seats that recline to become beds. 4.5.3	Rail The Lima Metro is partially complete, with one line operational, but other regions do not have this system. Tourists must travel by bus or taxi within the city. Outside of Lima, there are only two major railway systems in operation, one in the central part of the country and the other in the south. The central railway starts at sea level in Lima and traverses the Andes, crossing through the Junín and Huancavelica departments. The southern railway is the one most commonly used by tourists, as a segment of its route goes from the city of Cusco to the citadel of Machu Picchu, a major tourist attraction. This route offers seating options ranging from economy class to first class. The railway originates in the city of Mollendo in the Arequipa Region and goes through the Puno and Cusco regions, passing through the cities of Arequipa, Puno, Juliaca, the citadel of Machu Picchu, and ends at Cusco. The railway is operated by PeruRail, the largest railway manager in Peru. 4.5.3.1	4.5.4	River 4.5.4.1	Another mode of transportation in the Amazonian area is river transport. River transportation companies operate routes between the cities of the Peruvian Amazon. The main hubs of this network are the cities of Iquitos, Puerto Maldonado, Pucallpa, and Yurimaguas. Because of the lack of roads in this region, river transport, along with air travel, are the most efficient and important methods of transport. 4.6	Attractions 4.6.1	“Must See” attractions 4.6.2	Secondary attractions 4.7	Weather/Climate concerns 4.7.1	Due to the wide variety in weather and climate, it really depends on where you are going to visit. If you are going to the mountains, you will need to pack very warm clothes. If you are staying by the beaches, clothes for warm weather will be sufficient. 4.7.2	Be aware that coastal areas could be subject to flooding. 4.7.3	Rainforest areas receive a lot of rain, so waterproof clothing and materials, are advised. 4.8	Safety/Security Concerns (e.g., crime, health 4.9	Environmental concerns (e.g., air quality) 4.9.1	Currently, Lima is the only city in Peru with a World Health Organization air pollution report, which is negative. Poor air quality in Lima can cause itchy eyes, nose and throat. Some may experience difficulty breathing, chest pains, and headaches. Pollution could enhance symptoms of asthma. Know your health condition before traveling to know if you need a face mask, medicines, or when determining how long to stay. 4.10	Socio-cultural concerns (i.e., cultural norms) 4.11	Emergency contacts (e.g., lose passport; consulates)