User:Chaosdruid/usefullinks/Projects


 * Tony's Writing and Copyediting links


 * Basics
 * User:Tony1/Beginners' guide to the Manual of Style
 * WikiProject Military history/Academy/Copy-editing essentials


 * Details and exercises
 * User:Tony1/How to use hyphens and dashes
 * User:Tony1/How to use "the" and "a" in English
 * User:Tony1/Noun plus -ing
 * User:Tony1/Comma workshop
 * User:Tony1/Quotation workshop
 * User:Tony1/Exercises in textual flow
 * User:Tony1/Advanced editing exercises
 * User:Tony1/How to satisfy Criterion 1a: advanced editing exercises


 * Writing skills
 * User:Tony1/How to improve your writing
 * User:Tony1/Redundancy exercises: removing fluff from your writing
 * User:Tony1/How to find good copy-editors
 * User:Tony1/Plagiarism and close paraphrasing: tips for reviewers


 * Other sources
 * Step-by-step guide for beginners prepared by members of the Guild
 * WP:How to copy-edit

Milhist stuff

 * Simple vocabulary. Choose basic rather than elaborate words (the battle started, not the battle commenced; the landing was completed in an hour, not within an hour, unless you want to imply that an hour was some kind of deadline). There are more suggestions for plain word-choice here.


 * Simple grammar. Like vocabulary, simple grammatical structures are preferred. Here's an example:


 * Long snakes! Avoid long, winding sentences; they're too taxing on your readers' working memory. They can typically be split in two using a semicolon or a period (full-stop):

Redundancy
Redundancy, rather than poor grammar and spelling, is the biggest source of problems in prose. A smooth read requires no wasted words: simple as that. All good writing is lean; it's an acquired skill—an attitude that, with practice, you can switch on easily. Here's an example.

Consider trying out your skills on more "weeding" exercises, here.

Precision
Be precise where possible. The campaign involved the capture of Japanese bases in the Admiralty Islands. If it's not mentioned elsewhere in the article, ask the content-writers how many bases there were. Could be interesting: The campaign involved the capture of the three Japanese bases in the Admiralty Islands (a fourth had been abandoned by the Japanese in February 1943).

Unnecessary sequence words
A lot of MilHist involves telling a story. Stories are strings of actions and facts, and once the reader knows it's a narrative description of a battle or the development of a new military helicopter technology, you can usually strengthen the flow by removing such sequence items as "then", "in addition", "also", "next", and "after this" (ironic, isn't it).

Repetition
English is more particular than most languages about the close repetition of words. By this, we don't mean common grammatical words—such as "the" and "to"—but lexical items. The less frequently used the word normally is, the more the reader will notice its close repetition.

However, repetition isn't quite as simple as this. There's bad repetition, such as we've just looked at, and there's good repetition. Explicitly "back-referring" to an important word by repeating it can make the text more cohesive and sometimes avoids ambiguity.

Consistency
Inconsistency in naming and formatting throughout an article makes the text subtly more difficult to read. Sifting through an article, using your memory of what has come before to pick up glitches, is a good exercise for editors who are relatively inexperienced at copy-editing. Here are just a few examples of common inconsistencies in the same article:
 * A spaced en dash – like this – and then an unspaced em dash—like this—in an article.
 * 6 January and then February 14.
 * Major-General and later Major General.
 * 1st Infantry Division and then First Infantry Division.

The straight line
Make the flow of consciousness simple. Often, MilHist articles need to describe a long, complex series of events; it can be hard to present such a narrative logically to readers, especially when you know the story well yourself. Here's an example from the lead of the otherwise good article, Admiralty Islands campaign, summarising the dramatic events. Remember that the non-expert readers know nothing yet—this is their first taste of the dramatic scenario. Make a mental note of the queries many readers would have in the second paragraph. Don't expect them to divert to the links right now.