User:Chapmanhc/sandbox

Liminality: sources-

1) Liminality: Hazel Andrews & Les Roberts ** probably the best of the sources

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780080970868121026

Albert van Gennep: idea of thresholds as rites of passage, not just a concept-it's more of a tangible thing

 * "Derived from the Latin word for ‘threshold’ (limen) – an etymological reminder of the important spatial underpinnings to the concept – for van Gennep, ‘liminal’ is more directly related to the symbolic processes and ritual conventions that structure and define key moments of social transition, or ‘rites of passage."
 * "structure/order is derived from liminality – from the crucial middle or ‘in-between’ states that facilitate ritual passage from one social stage to another." (cite)

4 Types of Social Rites of Passage:
Van Gennep believes these to be universal across cultures, societies, and history.


 * 1) Passage of people from one status to another, initiation ceremonies in which an outsider is brought into the group. This includes marriage, etc
 * 2) Passage from one place to another, such as moving.
 * 3) Passage from one situation to another-starting school, new job, graduating, etc
 * 4) Passage of time-New Year, inauguration, etc.

Rites of passage have three stages: separation, transition (liminal stage), and reincorporation (postliminal stage). Separation involves separating oneself from everyday, normal life, causing a detachment. Transition includes a feeling of camraderie among those who are participating in the ritual (I immediately think of graduations, concerts, funerals, etc.) Turner coined this term Communitas. Finally, reincorporation deals with the return to reality.

Victor Turner

 * Turner and his ideas of liminal entities as separate beings until the rite is performed- “liminal entities are neither here nor there; they are betwixt and between the positions assigned and arrayed by law, custom, convention, and ceremonial”-I think I could add that into the article to help explain the concept of being in a liminal space/place
 * Reality can be "carried in different directions"-thus, liminality serves as a means to bridge structure and agency; because in that state, it ceases to make meaning yet structure grows out of it? A bit confusing, so maybe I can put that into simpler terms.
 * Focused mainly on the middle stage
 * Liminality, Place, and Space:

2) Liminality, a poem (I think?)

https://vcu-alma-primo.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com/primo-explore/fulldisplay?docid=TN_jstor_archive_525091897&context=PC&vid=VCUL&lang=en_US&search_scope=all_scope&adaptor=primo_central_multiple_fe&tab=all&query=any,contains,liminality

3) Liminality as Cultural Process for Cultural Change: J Howard Grenville

4) Apulius' Cupid and Psyche-somehow want to tie this story into the article on liminality in myth and how it serves a purpose in greater society as a cultural reference. De Beaumont's Beauty and the Beast could also be a good resource for that

5) Religious Ambivalence, Liminality, and the Increase of No Religious Preference in the United States, 2006–2014


 * Has to do more with religion, so I guess I could delve into that if I really wanted to
 * https://vcu-alma-primo.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com/primo-explore/fulldisplay?docid=TN_wj10.1111%2Fjssr.12314&context=PC&vid=VCUL&lang=en_US&search_scope=all_scope&adaptor=primo_central_multiple_fe&tab=all&query=any,contains,Liminality&sortby=rank&offset=0 (not sure that this link works either so may want to just search the title)

"liminality is constituted in a condition or happenstance that has attributes of doubt and lack of inevitability between what is known and has gone before and future outcomes."-

“Liminality may involve a complex sequence of episodes in sacred space-time, and may also include subversive and ludic (or playful) events … in liminality people ‘play’ with the elements of the familiar and defamiliarize them.”


 * In short, liminal experiences shape people, personalities, and circumstances and give people opportunities to change whether they realize it or not.

Turner & Liminoid Experiences
"Turner (1982) suggests that in modern consumerist societies in which work and play are more clearly defined than in traditional societies the possibilities for liminal experiences to arise are reduced, being supplanted mainly by liminoid moments found in artistic performances and the practices of leisure consumption. The ritual and experiential liminal characteristics ascribed to so-called traditional societies are transmuted into liminoid experiences through play, creativity, drama, and their associated art forms, such as theater and literature."

Liminoid experiences are conditional-it serves as a transitional moment, or one of the betwixt-and-between nature that does not offer a resolution or change in status!

-oid comes from the Greek word "eidos," which means a form or shape of. Thus, a liminoid experience is one that's a form of liminality, without all of the criteria being supported. Universities serve as liminoid spaces for creative entities.

What Can I Add to the Article?

 * Introduction section:
 * Add a few sentences at the end about liminal spaces and how that applies to the concept of liminality. Perhaps throw that in the talk page before really committing to it, but it makes sense to me to add context. Find a source for liminal space.
 * Types:
 * Add more to the group experience, as there is a lot to be said there.
 * In rites and in Time:
 * Add more, there is not much information here.
 * In places:
 * Add concerts, etc.
 * In folklore:
 * Would Cupid and Psyche fit here?
 * Maybe add an "In Literature" page??
 * Jane Eyre, Catcher in the Rye

Liminal Spaces
Israel is the ultimate liminal space


 * Palestinian-Israeli conflict built entirely on the existence of one while negating the other; it seems as if they can never truly coexist asimultaneously, amking their existence as well as their physicality a liminal space.
 * "Historically and analytically,therefore, the Palestinian- Arab and the Jewish-Zionistpolitical collectivities andcultural projects not only opposed each other, but at the same time created eachother, albeit in obvious asymmetrical positions of power."
 * Liminality often a "moment of failed mediation" -Palestinian citizens form a "trapped minority"

http://www.academia.edu/12834866/Liminal_Spaces

Jane Eyre
https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?referer=https://www.google.com/&httpsredir=1&article=1167&context=criterion


 * Jane's agency sets her apart from those around her, making her a liminal being
 * Closes herself off physically, such as with the red curtain in double retirement, putting her in a liminal and almost paracosmic space

https://www.jstor.org/stable/40754831?seq=1#metadata_info_tab_contents