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Italic text'Bold text'made by sagarchauhan and ayush The Bugatti Veyron EB 16.4 is a mid-engined grand touring car, designed and developed by the Volkswagen Group and manufactured in Molsheim, France by Bugatti Automobiles S.A.S.

The Super Sport version of the Veyron is the fastest street-legal production car in the world, with a top speed of 431.072 km/h (267.856 mph).[4] The original version has a top speed of 408.47 km/h (253.81 mph).[5] It was named Car of the Decade (2000–2009) by the BBC television programme Top Gear. The standard Veyron won Top Gear's Best Car Driven All Year award in 2005.

The Veyron's chief designer was Hartmut Warkuss, and the exterior was designed by Jozef Kabaň of Volkswagen, with much of the engineering work being conducted under the guidance of engineering chief Wolfgang Schreiber. Though commissioned by Volkswagen, this car is only sold through the Bugatti manufacturers and cannot be found at any Volkswagen dealer.

A number of special variants have been produced, including two targa tops. In December 2010, Bugatti began offering prospective buyers the ability to customize exterior and interiors colours by using the Veyron 16.4 Configurator application on the marque's official website.[6][7]

Contents [hide] 1 Origin of the car 2 Name origin 3 Versions and modifications 3.1 Bugatti Veyron (2005–2011) 3.1.1 Specifications and performance 3.1.1.1 Engine output 3.1.1.2 Top speed 3.1.1.3 Braking 3.1.1.4 Specifications 3.1.2 Special versions 3.1.2.1 Pur Sang (2007) 3.1.2.2 Pegaso (2007) 3.1.2.3 Fbg Par Hermès (2008) 3.1.2.4 Sang Noir (2008) 3.1.2.5 Bleu Centenaire (2009) 3.1.2.6 L'Edition Centenaire (2009) 3.1.2.7 Sang d’Argent (2010) 3.1.2.8 Nocturne (2010) 3.1.3 Sales 3.2 Bugatti Veyron Grand Sport (2009–) 3.2.1 Special versions 3.2.1.1 Sang Bleu (2010) 3.2.1.2 Soleil de Nuit (2010) 3.2.1.3 Grey Carbon (2010) 3.2.1.4 Royal Dark Blue (2010) 3.2.1.5 Sang Blanc (2010) 3.2.1.6 Bijan Pakzad Edition (2011) 3.2.1.7 Matte White (2011) 3.2.1.8 L'Or Blanc (2011) 3.2.1.9 Red Edition (2011) 3.2.1.10 Middle East Editions (2011) 3.2.1.11 Vitesse (2012) 3.2.1.12 Wei Long (2012) 3.3 Bugatti Veyron Super Sport (2010–) 3.3.1 Special versions 3.3.1.1 Sang Noir (2011) 3.3.1.2 Black Carbon (2011) 3.3.1.3 Edition Merveilleux (2011) 3.3.1.4 Le Saphir Bleu (2012) 4 Concepts 4.1 16C Galibier 5 Commentary 5.1 Top Gear 5.2 Martin Roach 5.3 Gordon Murray 6 References 7 External links [edit]Origin of the car

In 1998, the Volkswagen Group purchased the trademark rights on the former car manufacturer Bugatti in order to revive the brand.[8] Starting with the Bugatti EB118, they presented at various international auto shows a total of four 18-cylinder concept cars. At the 1999 Tokyo Motor Show, the first study of the Veyron was presented.[9] At the time the name of the concept car was "Bugatti Veyron EB 18.4" and it was equipped with a 18-cylinder engine instead of the 16-cylinder engine of the production version. While the three previous prototypes had been styled by Giugiaro, the Veyron was designed by the Volkswagen stylists.

The decision to start production of the car was taken by the Volkswagen Group in 2001. The first roadworthy prototype was completed in August 2003. It is identical except for a few details to the later series variant. In the development to series production, however, considerable technical problems had to be addressed, so that the start of production was delayed repeatedly, until September 2005.[10]

[edit]Name origin

The Veyron EB 16.4 is named in honor of Pierre Veyron, a Bugatti development engineer, test driver and company race driver who, with co-driver Jean-Pierre Wimille, won the 1939 24 hours of Le Mans while driving a Bugatti.[11] The "EB" refers to Bugatti founder Ettore Bugatti and the "16.4" refers to the engine's 16 cylinders and 4 turbochargers.[12]

[edit]Versions and modifications

[edit]Bugatti Veyron (2005–2011) [edit]Specifications and performance

The Veyron's quad-turbocharged W16 engine The Veyron features an 8.0 litre, quad-turbocharged, W16 cylinder engine, equivalent to two narrow-angle V8 engines. Each cylinder has four valves for a total of sixty four, but the narrow staggered V8 configuration allows two overhead camshafts to drive two banks of cylinders so only four camshafts are needed. The engine is fed by four turbochargers and displaces 7,993 cubic centimetres (487.8 cu in), with a square 86 by 86 mm (3.4 by 3.4 in) bore and stroke.

First U.S. Bugatti Veyron on display in April 2006 The transmission is a dual-clutch direct-shift gearbox computer-controlled automatic with seven gear ratios, with magnesium paddles behind the steering wheel and a shift time of less than 150 milliseconds, built by Ricardo of England rather than Borg-Warner, who designed the six speed DSG used in the mainstream Volkswagen Group marques. The Veyron can be driven in either semi- or fully automatic mode. A replacement transmission for the Veyron costs just over US$120,000.[13] It also has permanent All-Wheel Drive using the Haldex Traction system. It uses special Michelin PAX run-flat tyres, designed specifically to accommodate the Veyron's top speed, and cost US$25,000 per set.[13] The tyres can be mounted on the rims only in France, a service which costs US$70,000.[13] Curb weight is 1,888 kilograms (4,162 lb).[14] This gives the car a power-to-weight ratio, according to Volkswagen Group's figures, of 446.3 metric horsepower (328 kW; 440 bhp) per ton.

The car's wheelbase is 2,710 mm (106.7 in). Overall length is 4,462 mm (175.7 in) which gives 1,752.6 mm (69.0 in) of overhang. The width is 1,998 mm (78.7 in) and height 1,204 mm (47.4 in). The Bugatti Veyron has a total of ten radiators:[15]

3 heat exchangers for the air-to-liquid intercoolers. 3 engine radiators. 1 for the air conditioning system. 1 transmission oil radiator. 1 differential oil radiator. 1 engine oil radiator It has a drag coefficient of 0.41 (normal condition) and 0.36 (after lowering to the ground),[16] and a frontal area of 2.07 square metres (22.3 sq ft).[17] This gives it a drag area – the combination of drag coefficient and frontal area, represented as CdA – of 0.74 m2 (8.0 sq ft).

[edit]Engine output According to Volkswagen Group and certified by TÜV Süddeutschland, the final production Veyron engine produces 1,001 metric horsepower (736 kW; 987 bhp) of motive power, and generates 1,250 newton metres (922 lbf·ft) of torque.[1][18] The nominal figure has been stated by Bugatti officials to be conservative, with the real total being 1,020 metric horsepower (750 kW; 1,006 bhp) or more.

[edit]Top speed German inspection officials recorded an average top speed of the original version of 408.47 km/h (253.81 mph)[5] during test sessions on the Ehra-Lessien test track on 19 April 2005.

This top speed was verified by James May on Top Gear in November 2006, again at Volkswagen Group's private Ehra-Lessien test track. May noted that at top speed the engine consumes 45,000 litres (9,900 imp gal) of air per minute (as much as a human breathes in four days). The Veyron at the time had the highest top speed of any street legal production car. Back in the Top Gear studio, co-presenter Jeremy Clarkson commented that most supercars felt like they were shaking apart at their top speed, and asked May if that was the case with the Veyron at 407 km/h (253 mph). May responded that no, the Veyron was very controlled, and only wobbled a tiny bit when the air brake deployed. May further commented, “Absolutely yeah, it’s totally undramatic. But I would give you a bit of a warning: It’s a bit disorientating doing that sort of speed, because after I came off the banking, I was slowing down to stop, and you know how you get a bit impatient and think ‘I’ll just open the door’; fortunately I looked back at the speedo, and I was still doing seventy.”[19]

The car's everyday top speed is listed at 350 km/h (220 mph). When the car reaches 220 km/h (140 mph), hydraulics lower the car until it has a ground clearance of about 9 cm (3.5 in). At the same time, the wing and spoiler deploy. In this handling mode the wing provides 3,425 newtons (770 lbf) of downforce, holding the car to the road.[15]

For top speed mode the driver must, while stationary, toggle a special top speed key to the left of the driver's seat. A checklist then establishes whether the car and its driver are ready to attempt to reach 407 km/h (253 mph). If so, the rear spoiler retracts, the front air diffusers shut, and normal 12.5 cm (4.9 in) ground clearance drops to 6.5 cm (2.6 in).

[edit]Braking The Veyron's brakes use cross drilled, radially vented carbon fibre reinforced silicon carbide (C/SiC) composite discs, manufactured by SGL Carbon, which have a much greater resistance to brake fade when compared with conventional cast iron discs. The lightweight aluminium alloy monobloc brake calipers are made by AP Racing; the fronts have eight[15] titanium pistons and the rear calipers have six pistons. Bugatti claims maximum deceleration of 1.3 g's on road tyres. As an added safety feature, in the event of brake failure, an anti-lock braking system (ABS) has also been installed on the handbrake.

Prototypes have been subjected to repeated 1.0 g braking from 312 km/h (194 mph) to 80 km/h (50 mph) without fade. With the car's acceleration from 80 km/h (50 mph) to 312 km/h (194 mph), that test can be performed every 22 seconds. At speeds above 200 km/h (120 mph), the rear wing also acts as an airbrake, snapping to a 55° angle in 0.4 seconds once brakes are applied, providing an additional 0.68 g (6.66 m/s2) of deceleration (equivalent to the stopping power of an ordinary hatchback).[15] Bugatti claims the Veyron will brake from 400 km/h (250 mph) to a standstill in less than 10 seconds, though distance covered in this time will be half a kilometer (third of a mile).[15]