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Misophonia

Main article: Misophonia

Misophonia is a neurological disorder in which negative experiences (anger, fright, hatred, disgust) are triggered by specific sounds. Richard Cytowic suggests that Misophonia is related to, or perhaps a variety of, synesthesia. Miren Edelstein and her colleagues have compared Misophonia to synesthesia in terms of connectivity between different brain regions as well as specific symptoms. They formed the hypothesis that "a pathological distortion of connections between the auditory cortex and limbic structures could cause a form of sound-emotion synesthesia." Newer studies could potentially suggest that depending on its severity, Misophonia could be associated with lower cognitive control when individuals are exposed to their triggers. ( https://doi-org.byui.idm.oclc.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0227118)1

It is unclear what causes Misophonia. Some scientist believe it could be genetic, others believe it to be present with other additional conditions however there is not enough evidence to conclude what causes it. There are no current treatments for the condition but could be managed with different types of coping strategies.

Number Form

Main article: Number form

A number form is a mental map of numbers that automatically and involuntarily appear whenever someone who experiences number-forms synesthesia thinks of numbers. These numbers might appear in different locations and the mapping changes and varies between individuals. Number forms were first documented and named in 1881 by Francis Galton in "The Visions of Sane Persons". It is suggested that this might be caused by “cross activation” of the neural pathway that connects the parietal lobes and angular gyrus. Both of these areas are involved in numerical cognition and spatial cognition respectively.