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The Nation Defense Students (NDS) are university students in the reserved military officers training program in China. Graduates in this program serve in military force as a commanding leader or technology-based officer. This program covers the Chinese Army, Chinese Navy, Chinese Air Force, and Chinese Armed Police.

In 2000, the promulgation of an official document marked the establishment of the pattern. In 2017, the speaker of Ministry of National Defense of the People’s Republic of China announced that the government decided to terminate this program.

Process
National Defense Students are selected from high school graduates after the National Higher Education Entrance Examination. Students who want to apply to this program engage in a medical test which avoids severe physical and mental defects. Then local military office conduct a political investigation of their family members. The political investigation mainly includes the criminal records that proves the applicants have the stainless reputation. After being admitted by a university, the National Defense Students are under the management of both the university and troops. Because of the situation, they have a double identity, one is as a university student, the other is a reserved military officer.

The other way to become a National Defense Student is to enter a university that has the NDS program and apply to register as a National Defense Student in the second academic year. If the applicants pass the physical health test and political investigation, the military office will allow them to transfer the enrollment to be a National Defense Student.

As students, they take the on-campus course to meet the requirement of school regulations. As officer-to-be, they attend routine military training at least five times a week. Both academic performance and military training achievements are requisite factors to affirm whether they are qualified to be a military officer and lead a company. After the four-year university education and training, Students systematically take the exam which evaluates their physical capacity and professional knowledge. National Defense Students who pass the exam will hold the rank of lieutenant and start their career as a formally registered military leader.

Specific Policy
The military made a specific contract with every cooperated university and student. In general, as required in law, the policy includes the rights and duties of students.

Rights
Get military allowance that covers the tuition, accommodation and living expenses.

Get guarantee from the military that every qualified graduate will serve in army and get ranks.

Students who performed outstandingly have the rights to argue for national defense scholarship.

Obligations
Serve in army in emergency to defend the country even if they don't finish school.

Obey the university regulations and military orders unconditionally.

Meet all the requirements of academic courses.

Receive military training regularly as arranged, namely, taking military and political theory classes, having daily physical training and taking assembling training during summer vacation.

Job Assignment
Troops make official treaties with universities to ensure the job assignment. The military office design the annual plan about the job openings. National Defense graduates will enter different troops based the evaluation of the performance in the four-year university education.

Postgraduate Education
As students, they have the rights to a seek master degree. Considering the military facto, they can apply to master degree only if get permission from military officers who are in charge of the condition. They will get additional financial support by 18,000 RMB every academic year during the master education.

Termination
In 2017, the Ministry of National Defense of the People's Republic of China terminated NDS program since the 2017 academic year. After that, universities will not enroll NDS freshmen anymore. the former policy is still enforceable to the Students who have already registered as NDS but haven't graduated.

List of Universities Enrolling National Defense Students
Peking University

Renmin University of China

Tsinghua University

Beijing Jiaotong University

Beihang University

Beijing Institute of Technology

Beijing University of Science and Technology

People's Public Security University of China

China University of political Science and law

Tianjin University

Tianjin University of Science and Technology

Taiyuan University of Technology

Inner Mongolia University

Liaoning University

Dalian University of Technology

Northeastern University

Jilin University

Changchun University of Science and Technology

Changchun Institute of Technology

Harbin Institute of Technology

Harbin Engineering University

Harbin University of Science and Technology

Fudan University

Shanghai Jiao Tong University

East China University of Science and Technology

Nanjing University

Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics

Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications

Hohai University

Zhejiang University

University of Science and Technology of China

Hefei University of Technology

Xiamen University

Nanchang University

East China Jiaotong University

Shandong University

Ocean University of China

Liaocheng University

Wuhan University

Huazhong University of Science and Technology

Wuhan University of Science and Technology

China University of Geosciences

Wuhan University of Technology

Hunan University

Central South University

Hunan Normal University

Sun Yat-sen University

South China University of Technology

Guilin University of Electronic Science and Technology

Sichuan University

Chongqing University

Southwest Jiaotong University

University of Electronic Science and Technology

Chengdu University of Information Technology

Southwest University

Southwest University of Finance and Economics

Yunnan University

Kunming University of Science and Technology

Xi'an Jiaotong University

Northwestern Polytechnic University

Xi'an University of Technology

Xidian University

Chang'an University

Lanzhou University

Ningxia University

Shihezi University

Xi’an University of Posts & Telecommunications

Similar Systems in Some Other Countries.
The United States: The U.S. military adopted the program named ROTC (Reserved Officer's Training Corps). In 1916, Congress passed the National Defense Act of 1916 that establish the pattern as a legal institution. To improve military skills, students take military training at least 480 hours. Graduates who finished all courses and meet the standard of extra training will serve as the second lieutenants.

Russia: The government sets up military departments in the universities or vocational-technical school. Applicants in the qualified level of physical health will make a binding contract with the military. After that, if they pass the final examination before graduation, the military will admit them to serve as officers.