User:Chrishargrove10/sandbox

Internet
Author Simone Natale describes how digital utopianism plays a pivotal role in M5S’s worldview, saying that Grillo and Casaleggio describe the web as a "transparent, unified, coherent entity", with its own logic, laws, agency and disruptive agenda. She says that the web, which acts as a mythical panacea, can and “wants” to cure the social and economic ills of Italy, leading the nation towards a more prudent future. She also says that the web is described as a “supermedium”  which will significantly change all political, social, informational, and organizational processes. Another author by the name of Roberto Biorcio says that Grillo used the internet as a way for widespread dissemnation of their politics consisting of two elements. The first is the idea that the people can express their feelings of "Vaffanculo" which literally translates to "F*ck off!" aimed at the entirety of the political class. Ironically, as the author notes, is that at the same time it was an attempt to transform protest into legitimate political action as they gathered 450,000 signatures for three legislative initiatives created to promulgate a "clean parliament". Another author Eric Turner stipulates that despite the Internet being promoted by Beppe Grillo as horizontal and without hierarchy, he says many people in Italy critique that claim as being deceiving. He quotes blogger Massimo Mantetellini by saying that the mass comments and posts created by the M5S actually create confusion and allows a top-down modality in which the leaders don't follow their own ideas and principles.

=== Inequality in LGBT Community: === There has been evidence that members in the LGBTQ community, especially ones in poverty, receive treatment at less than satisfactory levels. In an research study by Lori Ross and Margaret Gibson, she argues that a flaw in the health system in Canada with respect to members of the LGBTQ community is that LGBTQ members are the highest needing demographic of mental health services for reasons that can be attributed by systemic discrimination, and because of this they need to turn to mental health services which are mainly private and not covered by the publicly funded health care policy. She makes the argument that low income LGBTQ members might not be able to afford these private programs and subsequently fall into deeper mental health issues. In another research paper by Emily Colpitts, she adds that for the case in Nova Scotia, members of the LGBTQ are left to read ambiguous language in their health policies. "Goins and Pye found that the heteronormative and gender-binary language and structure of medical intake forms have the consequence of alienating LGBTQ populations". She also adds that in previous study of queer and trans women in Nova Scotia, patients experienced significant discomfort in there meetings with health care providers and feared that because of the language of health policy, they wouldn't be able to receive adequate health care based on their sexual identities. Another author, by the name Judith MacDonnell, exemplifies that LGBTQ members, especially childbearing lesbians, have trouble navigating through health policy. She states in her study that LBGTQ women encounter challenges at every point of the child bearing process in Canada and have to rely on personal and professional means to receive information that they can understand, such as in reproductive health clinics and postpartum/parenting support.

Nursing Homes/Home care in Canada-
There appears to be some problems within the nursing home/home care subsection of health care in Canada, and scholars and advocates point to a increasingly complex care system, occupational hazards, and an overall shortage of workers willing to work in this field as the main causes. Authors Ruth Lowndes and James Struthers in their dissertation say that there has been an intensification of job precarity, inadequate staffing levels as well as increasingly complex needs including different types of routinized, assembly-lines types of work, and cost cutting on equipment and supplies. They also point out that with in increasing elder population, the supply of workers are not meeting the demand required to provide adequate care. This idea couples with another study that as we enter the 2020's and 30's, the equipment and processes that nurses undergo will become progressively composite. This then leads to the need for higher training and instruction to the existing nurses including the reliance on them to think critically and execute real-time, evidence-based care decisions which all point to a need to re-conceptualize HCAs. In addition, it has been discovered that there are myriad possible occupational hazards for workers in home care. Researcher Matthew Wong uses chi-square analysis and posthoc pairwise tests with a Bonferroni correction to find out that occupational hazards home care nurses experience, although depending on the type of geographical setting (rural, town, suburban, urban areas), it is common to find that aggressive pets, environmental tobacco smoke, oxygen equipment, unsafe neighborhoods and pests, hinder a quality performance by the nurse from occurring.