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Ernst Custodis ( 23 March 1898-2 August 1990) was a German ophthalmologist, university lecturer, and researcher. He is most well known as a pioneer in retinal surgery for inventing the scleral buckling technique which can be used to repair retinal detachments.

Early life
Ernst Custodis was born as the son of Gottfried Wilhelm Hubert Custodis and Antonie Maria Josefine Schmitz in Düsseldorf on 23 March 1898. He grew up with two siblings.

He earned his doctorate in medicine from the University of Bonn in 1924 and began practising in 1925.

Scleral Buckling
In 1949, Custodis first performed the scleral buckling surgery using polyviol exoplant, full-thickness diathermy, and did not drain subretinal fluid. He reported his technique with a consecutives series of 515 patients with an 83.3% rate of success—a figure that compares favourably with many series being published 50 years later.

His technique was further popularized and modified by Charles Schepens and Harvey Lincoff in the 1950s.

Personal life
He married Erika Sonntag, with whom he had three children. On 2 August 1990, Custodis died in Düsseldorf, Germany, at the age of 92.

Honors

 * Grand Federal Cross of Merit of Germany (1966)
 * Gulstrand Medal by the Swedish Society of Medicine (1970)
 * Honorary membership in the German Ophthalmological Society (DOG) (1971)
 * Paracelsus Medal of the German Medical Association (1986)
 * Honorary membership of the German Retinological Society (1988)