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Conversion therapy
Further information: LGBT rights in Canada

Conversion therapy for transgender Canadians is legal in all provinces and territories, excepting Ontario, Manitoba, and Nova Scotia. In 2018, the City of Vancouver became the only city in British Columbia to outlaw the practice, and St. Albert became the only Albertan city to do so in 2019. Conversion therapy is the widely discredited line of therapeutic practices that attempts to "cure" an individual of their sexual orientation or gender identity, often using psychotropic drugs and physical abuse.

Ontario
In 2015, the former Premier of Ontario Kathleen Wynne directed her Health Minister Eric Hoskins to send a letter to the College of Physicians and Surgeons of Ontario to petition them to ban conversion therapy under their standards of practice, and spoke in favour of a bill tabled by Cheri DiNovo, a member of the provincial New Democratic Party that would outlaw any attempt to change the gender or sexuality of a person under 18 via therapy. The bill passed unanimously in the Legislative Assembly of Ontario. Wynne, as the first openly gay Premier in Canada, stated that youths expressing their sexuality and gender identity should be protected, and that young LGBTQ people are especially vulnerable to these conversion therapy practices.

Manitoba
Also in 2015, Manitoban Health Minister Sharon Blady announced plans for the province to ban the practice of conversion therapy, and stated that conversion therapy had "no place" in Manitoba's healthcare system. However, it must be noted that this ban targeted the conversion of homosexual people to heterosexual, and had no specific provisions for transgender individuals being "converted" to cisgender.

Nova Scotia
A bill banning conversion therapy for sexual orientation and gender identity was passed unanimously in the House of Assembly of Nova Scotia in 2018. The bill, lauded by Nova Scotian Justice Minister Mark Furey as the "most progressive piece of legislation around sexual orientation and gender identity in the country" bans the promotion of such practices to persons under 19, but contains a very controversial clause allowing "mature minors" between the ages of 16 and 18 to consent to being subject to the practice.

British Columbia
The B.C. government has tabled legislation to ban the practice of conversion therapy that is in line with other provincial bans, though no vote has taken place as of November 2019. In August 2019, the B.C. government called on the federal government to add conversion therapy into the Criminal Code of Canada and take action banning the practice nationwide.

Vancouver
Vancouver became the first jurisdiction in British Columbia to ban the practice for gender identity and sexual orientation in 2018. This ban, added to Vancouver's business prohibition bylaw, prohibits the offering of these services to people of any age and was passed unanimously by the Vancouver City Council.

St. Albert
Though conversion therapy has not been known to happen in St. Albert, the city council unanimously passed a motion to ban it as a statement against the practice