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4-Nitrobenzamide

Unsupported Parameters:
 * Heavy Atom Count =12
 * Isotope Atom Count =0
 * XLogP3 =0.8
 * Formal Charge =0

Properties
4- Nitrobenzamide is a white powder at STP. 4- Nitrobenzamide is insoluble in water. It very stable compound under normal temperature and pressure. It is composed of carbon 50.6%, hydrogen 3.64%, oxygen 28.9%, and nitrogen 16.9%. 4-Nitrobenzamide has 3 H-bond acceptors and 1 H-bond donor. . 4-nitrobenzamide has a formal charge of 0 and an isotope atom count of 0. Also, it has 2 possible tautomer sites and 1 possible rotatable bond. . 4-Nitrobenzamide is a planar molecule due to the conjugated double bonds within the ring and the double bonded nitro and amide groups.

Occurrences
4-Nitrobenzamide is commonly used in medicine to treat arrhythmia. It can be used as an anti- arrhythmic medicine due to its electrophysiological effects on the cardiac system. 4- nitrobenzamide can be considered a Class III agent because it can block potassium currents in the cardiac cell. Arrhythmia is a spastic beating of the heart due to electrical impulses. When the heart beats arrhythmically, it cannot pump the correct amount of blood. Class III agents as most effective at blocking potassium currents during reentrant arrhythmia, which occurs due to a spreading depolarization throughout the heart.

History
4- Nitrobenzamide was discovered by Guy Marguerite Marie Gerard Nadler and Michel Jean Roger Martin in 2001 as an anti-arrhythemic agent. They discovered that Class III agents can block the cardiac potassium currents. It was first tested on cardiomyocytes in guinea pigs. Class III agents could also trigger arrhythmia if more than the correct concentration is used.

Safety
4- Nitrobenzamide is a harsh irritant. It is toxic if inhaled, ingested, or exposed to skin. . If 4-nitrobenzamide is exposed to skin or eyes, immediately flush with water and seek medical attention. Overexposure could result in serious harm or death. Though it can be very dangerous, 4-Nitrobenzamide is not transported as a hazardous chemical.

Reactions
When reacting organic amides with strong reducing agents, flammable gases can be formed. Combustion of 4-nitrobenzamide would produce the toxic products of CO, CO2, NO, or NO2. A catalyzed reaction of PEG-400, ammonia, and 4- Nitrobenzoic acid. 4- Nitrobenzamide is a harsh irritant and can be harmful upon exposure to eyes, skin, ingestion and inhalation.