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Logic, Reason, and Truth

 * Constructs of Logic
 * Anthropic principle
 * Critical thinking
 * Logic
 * Reason
 * Truth


 * Prepositional Logic
 * Logical consequence
 * Antecedent (logic)
 * Consequent
 * Contraposition
 * Inverse (logic)
 * Converse (logic)
 * Negation
 * Transposition (logic)


 * Sophistry and Fallacious Reasoning
 * Sophism
 * Fallacy


 * Aristotle's Sophistical Refutations - Verbal Fallacies
 * Syntactic ambiguity
 * Affirming the consequent
 * Equivocation
 * Fallacy of composition
 * Fallacy of division
 * Figure of speech


 * Aristotle's Sophistical Refutations - Material Fallacies
 * Converse accident
 * Begging the question
 * Questionable cause
 * Complex question


 * Formal Fallacies
 * Formal fallacy
 * Affirming a disjunct
 * Denying the antecedent
 * Argument from fallacy
 * False dilemma
 * Existential fallacy
 * Proof by example
 * Quantifier shift
 * Affirmative conclusion from a negative premise
 * A dicto simpliciter
 * Fallacy of exclusive premises
 * Fallacy of necessity
 * Fallacy of four terms
 * Illicit major
 * Illicit minor
 * Negative conclusion from affirmative premises
 * Fallacy of the undistributed middle
 * Circular reasoning
 * Appeal to probability
 * Conjunction fallacy
 * Masked man fallacy


 * Informal Fallacies
 * Informal fallacy
 * Absence paradox
 * Catch-22 (logic)
 * Blind men and an elephant
 * Cherry picking (fallacy)
 * False analogy
 * Fallacy of distribution
 * Furtive fallacy
 * Hasty generalization
 * I'm entitled to my opinion
 * McNamara fallacy
 * Name calling
 * Nirvana fallacy
 * Rationalization (making excuses)
 * Red herring
 * Fallacy of relative privation
 * No true Scotsman
 * One-sided argument
 * Slothful induction
 * Denying the correlative
 * Suppressed correlative
 * Misleading vividness
 * Overwhelming exception
 * Continuum fallacy
 * False precision
 * Slippery slope
 * False attribution
 * Fallacy of quoting out of context
 * Loki's Wager
 * Moving the goalposts
 * Reification (fallacy)
 * Animistic fallacy
 * Pathetic fallacy
 * Appeal to consequences
 * Correlation does not imply causation
 * Gambler's fallacy
 * Inverse gambler's fallacy
 * Gambler's conceit
 * Gambler's ruin
 * Post hoc ergo propter hoc
 * Fallacy of prescience
 * Regression fallacy
 * Fallacy of the single cause
 * Texas sharpshooter fallacy
 * Wrong direction
 * Philosophic burden of proof
 * Correlative-based fallacies
 * Historian's fallacy
 * Homunculus argument
 * If-by-whiskey
 * Incomplete comparison
 * Inconsistent comparison
 * Kettle logic
 * Mind projection fallacy
 * Moral high ground
 * Proof by intimidation
 * Prosecutor's fallacy
 * Proving too much
 * Psychologist's fallacy
 * Retrospective determinism
 * Faulty generalization
 * Package-deal fallacy
 * Parable of the broken window
 * Definist fallacy
 * Appeal to emotion
 * Genetic fallacy
 * Judgmental language
 * Ecological fallacy


 * Relevance Fallacies
 * Relevance
 * Accident (fallacy)
 * Ad nauseam
 * Argument from ignorance
 * Argument from silence
 * Argument to moderation
 * Argumentum ad populum
 * Double-barreled question
 * Evidence of absence
 * Ignoratio elenchi
 * Invincible ignorance fallacy
 * Loaded question
 * Moralistic fallacy
 * Naturalistic fallacy
 * Non sequitur (logic)
 * Proof by assertion
 * Special pleading
 * Straw man
 * Two wrongs make a right
 * Appeal to fear
 * Appeal to flattery
 * Appeal to pity
 * Appeal to ridicule
 * Think of the children
 * Invented here
 * Island mentality
 * Not invented here
 * Wisdom of repugnance
 * Appeal to spite
 * Ad hominem
 * Tu quoque
 * Appeal to accomplishment
 * Etymological fallacy
 * Appeal to motive
 * Appeal to nature
 * Appeal to novelty
 * Argumentum ad lazarum
 * Argumentum ad lapidem
 * Appeal to tradition
 * Argumentum ad crumenam
 * Association fallacy
 * Bulverism
 * Chronological snobbery
 * Ipse dixit
 * Poisoning the well
 * Argument from authority
 * Reductio ad Hitlerum
 * Argumentum ad baculum
 * Wishful thinking


 * Linguistic Fallacies
 * Idola fori
 * Idola theatri
 * Idola specus
 * Idola tribus
 * Courtier's Reply
 * Deductive fallacy
 * Descriptive fallacy
 * Double counting (fallacy)
 * Drinking the Kool-Aid
 * Greedy reductionism
 * Historical fallacy
 * Inconsistent triad
 * Infinite regress
 * Jingle-jangle fallacies
 * Politician's syllogism
 * Post disputation argument
 * Relativist fallacy
 * Sunk costs
 * Survivorship bias
 * Third-cause fallacy
 * Three men make a tiger
 * Trivial objections
 * Truthiness
 * Van Gogh fallacy


 * Personal Biases
 * Bias
 * Ambiguity effect
 * Anchoring
 * Attentional bias
 * Availability heuristic
 * Illusory truth effect
 * Confirmation bias
 * Bandwagon effect
 * Base rate fallacy
 * Belief bias
 * Bias blind spot
 * Clustering illusion
 * Congruence bias
 * Conservatism (belief revision)
 * Contrast effect
 * Curse of knowledge
 * Decoy effect
 * Denomination effect
 * Distinction bias
 * Duration neglect
 * Empathy gap
 * Endowment effect
 * Experimenter's bias
 * Functional fixedness
 * Framing effect (psychology)
 * Baader-Meinhof phenomenon
 * Hard–easy effect
 * Hindsight bias
 * Hostile media effect
 * Hot-hand fallacy
 * Hyperbolic discounting
 * Identifiable victim effect
 * IKEA effect
 * Illusion of control
 * Illusion of validity
 * Illusory correlation
 * Impact bias
 * Information bias (psychology)
 * Insensitivity to sample size
 * Escalation of commitment
 * Just-world hypothesis
 * Less-is-better effect
 * Ludic fallacy
 * Mere-exposure effect
 * Money illusion
 * Moral credential
 * Negativity effect
 * Negativity bias
 * Neglect of probability
 * Normalcy bias
 * Observer-expectancy effect
 * Omission bias
 * Optimism bias
 * Ostrich effect
 * Outcome bias
 * Overconfidence effect
 * Pareidolia
 * Pessimism bias
 * Planning fallacy
 * Post-purchase rationalization
 * Pro-innovation bias
 * Pseudocertainty effect
 * Reactance (psychology)
 * Recency illusion
 * Restraint bias
 * Rhyme-as-reason effect
 * Risk compensation
 * Selective perception
 * Semmelweis reflex
 * Social comparison bias
 * Status quo bias
 * Stereotype
 * Subadditivity effect
 * Subjective validation
 * Time-saving bias
 * Well travelled road effect
 * Zero-risk bias
 * Acquiescence bias
 * Attribution bias
 * Cognitive bias
 * Fundamental attribution error
 * Response bias
 * Self-serving bias


 * Social Biases
 * Actor–observer asymmetry
 * Defensive attribution hypothesis
 * Dunning–Kruger effect
 * Egocentric bias
 * Extrinsic incentives bias
 * False-consensus effect
 * Forer effect
 * Group attribution error
 * Halo effect
 * Illusion of asymmetric insight
 * Illusion of external agency
 * Illusion of transparency
 * Illusory superiority
 * In-group favoritism
 * Moral luck
 * Naïve cynicism
 * Out-group homogeneity
 * Projection bias
 * Shared information bias
 * System justification
 * Trait ascription bias
 * Ultimate attribution error
 * Worse-than-average effect


 * Memory Biases
 * Bizarreness effect
 * Choice-supportive bias
 * Childhood amnesia
 * Cue-dependent forgetting
 * Cross-race effect
 * Cryptomnesia
 * Fading affect bias
 * Confabulation
 * Generation effect
 * Google effect
 * Leveling and Sharpening
 * Levels-of-processing effect
 * Misinformation effect
 * Modality effect
 * Memory inhibition
 * Peak–end rule
 * Picture superiority effect
 * Positivity effect
 * Serial position effect
 * Reminiscence bump
 * Rosy retrospection
 * Misattribution of memory
 * Spacing effect
 * Suggestibility
 * Telescoping effect
 * Testing effect
 * Tip of the tongue
 * Von Restorff effect
 * Bluma Zeigarnik
 * Reactive devaluation
 * Gender differences in eyewitness memory
 * Self-reference effect


 * Statistical Biases
 * Bias of an estimator
 * Information bias (epidemiology)
 * Lead time bias
 * Omitted-variable bias
 * Sampling bias
 * Selection bias
 * Self-selection bias
 * Social desirability bias
 * Spectrum bias
 * Systematic error
 * Systemic bias


 * Other Biases
 * FUTON bias
 * Media bias
 * No abstract available bias
 * Publication bias
 * Reporting bias