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Elk Grove is a city in Sacramento County, California, located just south of the state capital of Sacramento. It is part of the Sacramento–Arden-Arcade–Roseville Metropolitan Statistical Area. As of the 2010 census, the population of the city is 153,015. The second-largest city in Sacramento County, Elk Grove earned the title of the fastest growing city in the U.S between July 1, 2004 and July 1, 2005.

History
Elk Grove was founded in 1850 as a stage stop. It is located about 15 mi south of historic Sutter’s Fort and thus became a crossroads for business, entertainment, mail service and agriculture, and acted as home base for gold miners in nearby communities. After it played its part in the early gold rush and statehood history in California, a close-knit community evolved with a distinctly rural and western lifestyle.

Initially, the town developed around a stage stop on the Monterey Trail, though after the railroad passed by east of town, Elk Grove's center shifted to its present location. "Old Town" Elk Grove is located about a mile east of State Route 99 (formerly U.S. Route 99, the north-south artery of the California Central Valley). Although the town developed around agriculture, it would eventually become a residential suburb of Sacramento. Most newer housing developments in Elk Grove lie west between Highway 99 and Interstate 5, the major north-south highway for the U.S. West Coast, in two areas locally called "Laguna Creek" and "Laguna West".

On July 1, 2000, Elk Grove incorporated as a city.

In 2008 CNN stated that areas of Elk Grove suffered from the subprime mortgage crisis.

Geography
Elk Grove is located at 38°26'18" North, 121°22'55" West (38.438222, -121.381925).

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 42.2 square miles (109.4 km²), of which, 99.88% is land and 0.12% is covered by water.

2010
The 2010 United States Census reported that Elk Grove had a population of 153,015. The population density was 3,622.6 people per square mile (1,398.7/km²). The racial makeup of Elk Grove was 70,478 (46.1%) White, 17,172 (11.2%) African American, 965 (0.6%) Native American, 40,261 (26.3%) Asian, 1,807 (1.2%) Pacific Islander, 10,231 (6.7%) from other races, and 12,101 (7.9%) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 27,581 persons (18.0%).

The Census reported that 152,346 people (99.6% of the population) lived in households, 460 (0.3%) lived in non-institutionalized group quarters, and 209 (0.1%) were institutionalized.

There were 47,927 households, out of which 23,718 (49.5%) had children under the age of 18 living in them, 29,339 (61.2%) were opposite-sex married couples living together, 6,547 (13.7%) had a female householder with no husband present, 2,700 (5.6%) had a male householder with no wife present. There were 2,416 (5.0%) unmarried opposite-sex partnerships, and 357 (0.7%) same-sex married couples or partnerships. 7,252 households (15.1%) were made up of individuals and 2,165 (4.5%) had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 3.18. There were 38,586 families (80.5% of all households); the average family size was 3.54.

The population was spread out with 46,128 people (30.1%) under the age of 18, 13,129 people (8.6%) aged 18 to 24, 42,688 people (27.9%) aged 25 to 44, 38,326 people (25.0%) aged 45 to 64, and 12,744 people (8.3%) who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 34.3 years. For every 100 females there were 93.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 89.2 males.

There were 50,634 housing units at an average density of 1,198.8 per square mile (462.8/km²), of which 35,738 (74.6%) were owner-occupied, and 12,189 (25.4%) were occupied by renters. The homeowner vacancy rate was 2.4%; the rental vacancy rate was 5.6%. 112,840 people (73.7% of the population) lived in owner-occupied housing units and 39,506 people (25.8%) lived in rental housing units.

2007
According to a 2007 estimate, the median income for a household was $79,622, and the median income for a family was $83,969. 5.2% of the population and 3.8% of families were below the poverty line. Out of the total population, 6.0% of those under the age of 18 and 4.9% of those 65 and older were living below the poverty line.

Area codes and zip codes


Elk Grove's telephone area code is 916. Its ZIP codes are:

(P.O. Boxes at the Bruceville Road post office carry the 95758 ZIP code.)

Education
The Elk Grove Unified School District is the 5th largest school district in California and one of the fastest growing school districts in the nation. Located in southern Sacramento County, the district covers 320 sqmi, one-third of the county. For the 2002-03 school year, the district served more than 52,500 students, and expects to reach 73,000 students by 2010. Those students attend 38 elementary schools, 8 middle schools, 8 high schools and 4 alternative high schools. The school district recently opened a new middle/high school, Pinkerton Middle and Cosumnes Oaks High. The new school opens just as the school district enters its 50th year of existence during the 2008-2009 school year.

There are also several private schools in town. A local community college, Cosumnes River College, offers both vocational training and a transfer program to four-year universities. Located nearby are California State University, Sacramento and the University of California, Davis, as well as branches of Golden Gate University and St. Mary's College. Elk Grove is also the home of the private six-year Universalist religious college Quest Seminary.

Public libraries
The new Elk Grove Public Library is located at 8900 Elk Grove Blvd in a modern two story building. It moved to this location from just a block East. The library is part of the broader Sacramento Public Library system. The Elk Grove Library also serves neighboring communities such as Vineyard, Wilton, Sloughhouse, and Rancho Murieta.

The Franklin Community Library, which also functions as the library for Franklin High School and Toby Johnson Middle School, is located at 10055 Franklin High Road.

Entertainment


Elk Grove boasts numerous events that are fun and exciting for all ages. The most notable event in Elk Grove is the annual Giant Pumpkin Festival that is held the first weekend of October at the Elk Grove Regional Park. The Giant Pumpkin Festival attracts many thousands of guests each year. Guests are welcome to enjoy the Giant Pumpkin Weigh Off, Pumpkin Regatta, pumpkin food, merchandise and craft vendors, entertainment, children’s activities and more.

Strauss Festival is another festival held at Elk Grove Regional Park. It is an outdoor staged dance production that has attracted more than 30,000 people annually since 1987.

During the month of August, Hot Summer Nights Concert Series is held each Friday at Laguna Town Hall. Voted Best of Elk Grove in 2010, this free music series returns to the outdoor amphitheater with summer party tunes aplenty. Food, children’s attraction, face painting, and glow concessions are all offered at varying costs.

During the holidays, Cosumnes CSD Fire Department and Elk Grove Police Department teams up to create the Santa & Sirens Parade. They host a series of neighborhood parades starting from a different Fire Station each night. Come out to greet Santa and his elves.

There are many more events that are held monthly and annually. To check out some of the events around Elk Grove, check out the Special Events team at CSD and their events.

Climate
Elk Grove's climate varies from low temperatures of 36 to 44 Fahrenheit to highs of 80 to 115 degrees. Average annual rainfall is 22 in per year falling primarily from October through April. Elk Grove's average temperature in January is 45 degrees Fahrenheit. In July, 92 degrees Fahranheit. The elevation of the city is 45 ft.

State and federal
In the state legislature Elk Grove is located in the 1st Senate District, represented by Republican Ted Gaines,, and in the 10th and 15th Assembly Districts, represented by Democrat Alyson Huber and Joan Buchannan respectively. Federally, Elk Grove is located in California's 3rd and 5th congressional districts, which have Cook PVIs of R +7 and D +14 respectively and is represented by Republican Dan Lungren and Democrat Doris Matsui respectively.

Local
The City of Elk Grove incorporated on July 1, 2000. It is a general law city and operates on the Manager-City Council type of governance. The mayor's position is a one-year term and is chosen at-large by the city council. The current Mayor of Elk Grove for 2011 is Steve Detrick(District 3). The remaining councilmembers are Vice-Mayor James Cooper (District 1), Pat Hume (District 2), Gary Davis (District 4), and Sophia Scherman(District 5).

Elk Grove is represented on the Sacramento County Board of Supervisors by Don Nottoli, 5th district supervisor.

Fire protection, emergency medical services, and parks and recreation services in Elk Grove are provided by the Cosumnes Community Services District, an independent special district agency.

Special District


The Cosumnes Community Services District (CSD) provides fire protection services to the cities of Elk Grove and Galt, as well as unincorporated areas in the region. Additionally, the Cosumnes CSD provides parks and recreation services to the Elk Grove community. The District encompasses roughly 157 square miles and an estimated population of 169,100 people - 136,000 in the Elk Grove area and 33,100 in the Galt region.

State and federal representatives
Elk Grove is represented by a variety of Democrats and Republicans in Sacramento and Washington, DC.

Congressmen
Elk Grove is split between the 3rd congressional district which is represented by Dan Lungren, a Republican and the 5th Congressional District which is represented by Doris Matsui, a Democrat.

State Assemblymen
Elk Grove is split between the 9th assembly district which is represented by Dave Jones, a Democrat, the 10th assembly district which is represented by Alyson Huber, a Democrat, and the 15th State Assembly District which is represented by Joan Buchanan, also a Democrat.

State Senators
Elk Grove is also split between the 1st Senate District which is represented by Ted Gaines, a Republican, and the 5th State Senate District which is represented by Lois Wolk, a Democrat.

CSD Board Members
Cosumnes CSD´s Board of Directors is comprised of five elected members, each with a record of service to the community and dedicated to the CSD's mission, "Enriching Community, Saving Lives." Michelle Orrock is the current President with Guy Rutter as the Vice President. The other three board members are Gil Albiani, Rich Lozano, and Rod Brewer.

Neighborhoods
Elk Grove is divided into several major areas which are: Laguna West, Laguna Creek, Elk Grove Proper, East Elk Grove, and big parts of the Sheldon and Franklin townships. Laguna West is between Interstate 5 and the Union Pacific railroad tracks. Laguna Creek is bordered by the city limits to the south, Sheldon Road to the north, the Union Pacific railroad tracks to the west, and Highway 99 to the east. Elk Grove proper — which includes the Historic District (Historic Elk Grove) — is bordered by Highway 99 to the west, Waterman Road to the east, Calvine Road to the north, and Grant Line Road to the south. East Elk Grove is bordered by Calvine Road to the north, Grant Line Road to the east and south, and Waterman Road to the west.

Parks & Recreation
Parks & Recreation for the city of Elk Grove is owned and managed by the Cosumnes Community Services District. The Parks and Recreation Department Administrator, Bob Roessler, oversees a staff of 77 that manages 88 parks, 18 miles of off-street trails, two community centers, four recreation centers, and two aquatics complexes and many recreation, sports and leisure programs. As of 2009, the CSD has 611.54 acres of parkland and 83 parks. There are dog parks, sports complexes, skate park, and water park. The CSD Department of Parks and Recreation accepts reservations for picnic and outdoor areas throughout Elk Grove.

Sports
The CSD has plenty of sports leagues for people of all ages and gender. There are Youth sports for basketball, soccer, flag football, t-ball, and volleyball. There are also Adult sports for basketball, flag football, soccer, softball, and volleyball. Additionally if you want to have your own league or just a weekend of sports activities, you can rent out one of the many sports field.

Recreation
There are many recreation and activities to enjoy in the city of Elk Grove. The CSD has created a wide array of fun and educational activities and classes for people of all ages. Recreation and activities ranges from pre-school to teen to adult to therapeutic. All recreation and activity can be found in the CSD Activity Guide.

Fire department
The local fire department is owned and operated by the Cosumnes Community Services District. Founded in 1893, Elk Grove's Fire Department started with a single hose cart and a small group of dedicated volunteers. From these humble beginnings, the Department has forged a lasting presence in the community. Continued growth and innovation in the fire service has prompted a diverse array of new Fire Department projects and responsibilities. Each year, the Fire Prevention Bureau conducts hundreds of new construction inspections and plan reviews and actively implements annual weed abatement and fireworks enforcement campaigns. Moreover, the Public Education Division coordinates a number of safety activities including "Change Your Clock-Change Your Smoke Detector Batteries" Campaign, the Juvenile Firesetters Intervention Program, the Life Jacket Loan-Out Program and Car Seat Safety Inspections. A new Special Operations Division was formed in 2007 that oversees the specialized rescue, hazardous materials, and disaster preparedness needs for the Cosumnes CSD Fire Department.

As they have done for more than 100 years, the members of the Cosumnes CSD Fire Department maintain their commitment to protecting the lives, property and environment from fire and other natural and manmade disasters and emergencies in a courteous, timely and effective manner. In 2010, Tracey M. Hansen, a 17-year veteran of the Cosumnes CSD Fire Department was named the new Fire Chief by CSD General Manager Jeff Ramos, the latest achievement in a career she began as a paramedic. Hansen named John Michelini as her Deputy Chief and the team immediately began developing strategies to effectively manage the Fire Department during the recession.

Police department
Until July 2006, the police forces within the city of Elk Grove were operated under contract with the Sacramento County Sheriff's Department. Effective July 1, 2006, the city of Elk Grove completed the establishment of its own independent police force, which has patrolled the city since then.

Notable residents

 * Scott Boras, Sports Agent
 * Brent Bourgeois, Musician (retired), author
 * Lance Briggs, NFL linebacker, Chicago Bears
 * Cruz Bustamante, Former Lt. Governor
 * Petri Hawkins Byrd, Judge Judy Bailiff
 * Bill Cartwright, Retired NBA center/Assistant coach with the Phoenix Suns
 * David Garibaldi, Artist
 * Chester Gorman, Anthropologist
 * Millard Hampton, 1976 Summer Olympics gold medalist in the 4x100 m relay
 * David Hernandez, Professional Baseball Player
 * Dana Howard, News10 Anchor/Reporter
 * Jason Jiménez - Former Major League pitcher for the Tampa Bay Rays and Detroit Tigers
 * Ron Jones, KOVR CBS 13 News anchor/ reporter
 * Frank Lameira - President of Danfranc Productions, organizer of the Miss Teenage California Scholarship Pageant
 * Jason Lofing - Inaugural Landon Cassill Qualifying Challenge Winner/NASCAR.com writer
 * Stephanie Lopez, Professional Soccer Player
 * Tom McClintock, Longtime California politician
 * DeMarcus Nelson, NBA Shooting Guard, Chicago Bulls
 * Del Rodgers, Sports Anchor KCRA 3 Sacramento's NBC affiliate/Former NFL kick returner
 * Dale Schornack, News10 Anchor
 * Adam Smarte, Professional Soccer Player
 * Kevin Sutherland, PGA golfer
 * Casey Weathers - member of the 2008 Summer Olympics United States baseball team.
 * Monica Woods, News10 Meteorologist
 * Jamil Zainasheff, Award-winning homebrewer and author
 * Scott Smith (fighter) - UFC Fighter and American mixed martial artist
 * Spencer Levin, Professional Golfer