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NoDAPL Movement
The NoDAPL movement was an opposition to the construction of the Dakota Access Pipeline. The Dakota Access Pipeline is 1,172 miles long, traveling from North to South Dakota and has the capability of transporting thousands of barrels of oil. The pipeline runs under Lake Oahe, an important water source for the Standing Rock Reservation located near the projected site in South Dakota. In 2016 construction was set to begin but was soon halted by the opposition the project faced. The Standing Rock Reservation claimed that the construction of the pipeline was an environmental injustice and could lead to their water source becoming polluted if the pipeline was to burst. The reservation also claimed that the proposed site that was to be dug was sacred ground and contained buried ancestors. The United States Army Corps of Engineers, who were responsible for approving the permit needed to proceed with construction, claimed that proper assessments had been taken to ensure that it was environmentally and culturally safe to proceed with the completion of the pipeline. With the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers continuing to move forward with construction the NoDAPL movement was created in April of 2016 to try to halt construction of the pipeline in order to protect the Standing Rock Reservation's water source and members. The movement grew historically large due to the threat of pollution and violence against women.

Although the NoDAPL movement was largely labeled as only an environmental justice movement, the NoDAPL movement’s concerns were also gendered. The gendered perspective of the NoDAPL movement was told in the documentary, Rise: Standing Rock . Many Standing Rock tribe members claimed that the construction of the pipeline would also lead to an increase of sexual violence against women and girls living on the reservation. Visiting tribe members from the Fort Berthold Reservation shared stories of the danger young girls now faced after the increase of fracking in their community. A Fort Berthold tribe member described how oil workers would pick up young girls walking home within the reservation and kidnap them to be sold amongst the workers for sex. According to the book, The Beginning and End of Rape: Confronting Sexual Violence in Native America, Indigenous women are more likely to experience sexual violence than any other ethnic groups. Although there are many factors that contribute to those high numbers in a 2013 article, Genevieve Le May stated that the increase of oil extraction sites and pipelines near reservations is a big contributing factor due to “man camps” built by reservations to house the oil workers. Le May also claims that it is hard for reservations to seek justice for sexual assaults due to lack of police interference. That is why the mobilization of Indigenous people, particularly Indigenous women, in the NoDAPL movement was considered to be historical to some. The documentary also stated that the water from Lake Oahe was heavily used by women living on the reservation and was another factor women involvement. Many female tribe members explained that the water coming out of their faucets was water from the lake. This means that any pollution to the lake would directly affect them and their families since they drink, bathe and cook with the water.

Because this pipeline directly affected their community, participants of the NoDAPL movement originated with the Sioux Tribe of Standing Rock. The movement grew due to support of tribes across the nation, including many members that travelled to Standing Rock Reservation. Due to social media the NoDAPL movement was able to include thousands of supporters from all over the world. The NoDAPL movement included many protests at Standing Rock Reservation and confrontations with police and NoDAPL supporters all throughout 2016. During his last few months in office President Barack Obama responded to the protests by ceasing all construction of the pipeline. The halt of construction was short due to succeeding president, Donald Trump. During the first year of his administration, President Donald Trump ordered for the completion of the Dakota Access Pipeline which occurred in 2017.

In the article “Living In A Liminal Space: Standing Rock And Storytelling As A Tool Of Activism”, author Janelle Cronin states that one of the NoDAPL women leaders that needs recognition is LaDonna BraveBull Allard, a member of the Sioux Tribe of Standing Rock. In 2016 Allard published a video on Facebook asking for the surrounding tribes to come and support Standing Rock in protesting the pipeline, sparking public interest in the NoDAPL movement. In response to people answering her call, Allard created Sacred Stone Camp, which housed protestors for the months that the NoDAPL movement took place. The VICELAND documentary Rise: Standing Rock showed that Allard provided the camp with food and anything else needed to keep the camp functioning, paying with donations given as well as out of her own pocket. Even though the pipeline has been completed, the Sacred Stone Camp remains. The camp’s official website claims that there is still a need to educate people about the importance of a sustainable lifestyle as well as a need to protect water due to threats that still exist globally. Another noticeable leader in the NoDAPL movement is Bobbi Jean Three Legs, another member of the Sioux Tribe. In her article, Mary Ferguson claims that Bobbi played an important role in keeping the nation’s attention on Standing Rock. Bobbie and other young tribe members organized a run that would take them from South Dakota to Washington, D.C. . This run was created in order to hand deliver a petition asking the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers to deny the construction of the pipeline through their water source. Bobbi claimed that she became involved with NoDAPL because of her concern for future generations living on the reservation and because she wanted to make sure that clean water would always be available for her daughter.

Article Evaluation
I have chosen to read the article “Women and the environment”. It was given the quality grade of “start” so I expected the article to be somewhat incomplete. Women and the environment is also a very complex topic so it was anticipated that the information given on the topic wouldn’t be the best of quality. After going through the article there were many things that were found to be in need of restructuring, updating, and changing. Some parts of the article also need to change its tone, add citations, and add more information.

The majority of the article feels like it is not complete and this causes the article to feel as if it is not one cohesive complete piece. This feeling begins with the very first paragraph, which is supposed to give the reader a quick summary of what they are going to be ready. The first sentence begins with a claim that Esther Boserup was responsible for creating an interest to see how women and the environment were connected. Following that sentence the summary paragraph then discusses how when it comes to resource management, women have a higher understanding of it. Reading these two ideas next to each other felt very “copy and paste” and they did not compliment one another. The summary of the article did not fully discuss the topics that are covered in this article and left me confused. Another area where it felt incomplete was under the section of “Farming and Agriculture.” When discussing the role women have concerning agriculture in Africa there was so little information given. This was surprising since there is still a high percentage of the African population that live in rural areas. A lot of these topics discussed felt like the article was just grazing the surface and not fully giving all the information that is available. Like the topic of property management, it just briefly talks about the fact that women don’t have full access to owning land. It does not delve deep into the history of women property owners, like we discussed in our class discussions.

Throughout the article there are also sections that would benefit from being restructured and titled differently. One of the articles I feel would most benefit from a title change is “Women’s attitude and the environment.” The title suggests that the section will talk about women’s attitude in general and then discuss the environment. Adding the word “towards” in replacement of the “and” will result in the reader knowing that the section will discuss how women are feeling about the environment. I also feel that the criticism section should be restructured so that the reader could better navigate through it. There should be subheads added instead of the bulletins used. The bulletins with paragraphs succeeding them make it seem like it is just one big paragraph. The use of subheads will allow the reader to easily read through the section without having to go back to reread in hopes of understanding the material.

Many claims in the article are in need of citations and some citations that are used are no longer available. The “Ecological Movements initiated by women” section is in dire need of citations. Throughout the two paragraphs of the Chipko Movement section there is only one citation used. The citation used also cannot be accessed without authorization. The only movement written about that has more than a single citation is the Navdanya Movement with a total of three citations. Although one of the citations will lead the reader to a website about kitchen supplies, it is unclear if that was intentional or not since the talk page didn’t clarify anything. At the bottom of the article in the reference section I clicked on some links and found that some of the links did not work. Citation 18 that should lead to material discussing violence against women no longer works as well as citation 26, which is referenced in the “Sweden” section.

A small bias is visible through some of the sections of the article. In the section of “Latin America and Caribbean” in the second paragraph it discusses how climate change has a larger impact on women. This does not feel like a neutral statement since climate change is affecting everyone in someway. In the “environmental or ecological feminism” section, first paragraph, third sentence, it claims that because women are more nurturing than men they automatically care more for the environment. I felt that it was inappropriate to use a stereotype to support a claim. I know that issues like this and about bias was a huge discussion point in the Talk page. Users claimed that other versions of this article were written with a heavier bias towards women. There were also some rude comments made against women. There were also some helpful comments made about what should be added to the article.

There are still many more things that could be added to this article to make it more complete. Under the “Ecological movements initiated by women” section, the Standing Rock movement that took place in 2016 should be added. The movement was started by LaDonna Brave Bull Allard in order to halt the construction of a pipeline that would run through sacred land and under the reservation’s water source. This movement was not only to protect the land and water source but also to protect the women of the reservation. Construction workers were known for raping women, especially young girls, of the tribe. This was also the reason why a lot of the leaders and organizers of this movement were women. The article also needs an updating especially about topics concerning what countries as a whole are doing in terms of women and the environment. The “Climate Change and Women” section should also be updated since a lot of new information and decisions regarding climate change have come out.

The “Women and the Environment” article is missing a lot of things like more information about women and agriculture. The tone of the article also needs to become 100 percent neutral. There are many things that need updating including broken and irrelevant citations. Additions to the article need to be made regarding women leaders in the environment. With this, the article can become very informative and easy to navigate for any reader seeking to learn more about the complex topic of women and the environment.

Citation Added
In the article "Women and the Environment" I added a citation in the section describing the Green Belt Movement. The citation that I added will direct readers to an article that is able to be accessed by the public. This article, "Challenging patriarchal structures: Wangari Maathai and the Green Belt Movement in Kenya", describes the reasons why the movement took place. It also describes why the founder, Wangari Maathai, thought this movement was needed for women in Kenya. The article also will provide the reader with the outcomes of this movement and how it continued to grow years after is began.

This citation was very much needed because previously there was only one citation found in this section. The citation that was provided leads the reader to a website that describes what essential kitchen tools are needed in every home. This meant that there were no sources provided to support what is written in this section. By providing at least one working article the reader will now be able to verify that what they are reading is factual information.

Article Topic
The article that I plan to add to is "Women and the Environment". Under the section discussing various environmental movements that women have initiated I wanted to add Standing Rock as one of the movements. This movement was initiated by LaDonna Brave Bull Allard and she was also responsible for getting other tribes involved in this movement. While discussing Standing Rock I would also like to describe how this movement was not only in regards to keeping their water source safe from pollution but also in regards to women. Having construction workers living on site created a risk of sexual violence against women, especially young girls. This is a main reason why there were many female leaders involved in this movement, which is something I would also like to add. I think my contribution will greatly improve this article since there is such limited information available regarding women and the environment. I also think adding information about Standing Rock is important because it was something that occurred very within the last two years.