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Article Evaluation: Jean Watson

Early Life and Education
Watson was born on June 10, 1940 in Williamson, West Virginia. She was the youngest of eight children. She also attended high school in West Virginia. Watson knew she wanted to be a nurse at the age of 10 when she saw a friend of her older sister having a seizure. She later on attended the Lewis Gale School of Nursing located in Roanoke, Virginia, where she graduated in 1961.

Caring Theory
Watson developed the Theory of Human Caring. She founded the non-profit Watson Caring Science Institute in 2008. The Theory of Human Caring is patient care that involves a more holistic treatment for patients. As opposed to just using science to care for and heal patients, at the center of the Theory of Human Caring is the idea that being more attentive and conscious during patient interactions allow for more effective and continuous care with a deeper personal connection. Watson's theory was influenced by several philosophers and thinkers including Abraham Maslow, Carl Rogers, and Pierre Teilhard de Chardin, each of whom were pioneers in creating the concept of transpersonal. Watson Defines the idea of transpersonal as "an inter-subjective human-human relationship in which the person of the nurse affects and is affected by the person of the other. Both are fully present in the moment and feel a union with the other." The Four major concepts in the Science of Caring are health, nursing, environment or society, and human being.


 * Health: The connection between the mind, body, and spirit. This concept is dependent upon the likeness of how one is seen versus what they experience.


 * Society: The value that society projects upon people about how they should act or achieve in life.
 * Nursing: The science of human care and health. This involves interactions with individuals that have an active role in patient care and those that are being taken care of.
 * Human Being: A person that is valued, respected, and cared for. They are seen as fully functional and whole.