User:Cuiying Huang/sandbox

= Qian Daxin 钱大昕 =

Life
Qian Daxin was the most profound, and specialized Academic Master, he was a scholar with international reputation during his lifetime. Scholars like Wang Chang（王昶），Duan Yucai （段玉裁）, Wang Yinzhi （王引之）, Ling Tingkan （凌廷堪）, Ruan Yuan （阮元）, Jiang Fan （江藩） ect., gave him high rating. Qian Daxin was recommended by public acclaim to be "Master of Confucianism" （一代儒宗）.

Qian Daxin was born in 1728， the 6th year of the Yongzheng （雍正） dynasty, passed away in 1804, 9th year of the Jiaqing （嘉庆） dynasty. In his early age, he was famous for poetry and prose in the southern area of the Yangtze River （江南）. In the 16th year of Qianlong （乾隆）dynasty, the Qianlong Emperor, AKA Hong Li （弘历）took a tour to the south, because Qian Daxin presented his prose, he was granted the title "First-Degree Scholars (举人)" ， and also granted him a job as the Secretary of the Cabinet （内阁中书）. In the 19th year of the Qianlong dynasty, Qian Daxin took the imperial examination, and he got a degree as an Imperial scholar （秀才）, and promoted to be a member of the Hanlin Academy, which is to revise, edit, and criticize the literary and history files.（侍讲学士） Then he focued on politics in the Guangdong area.

Advocate Han Confucianism
Qian Daxin's idea, and method of studying classic was to advocate the Han Confucianism. There was three reasons that he promoted the Han Confucianism. First reason was that the academic characteristic of the Han Confucianism, which was to examine the ancient texts and examine the name and characteristics of things. Second reason was the Han Confucianism is still relating to the past, the phonology of the ancient text was related, and similar to the classic texts; The third reason was that the Han Confucianism can be ruled. When Qian Daxin faced the contradiction between the newer Confucianism and Han Confucianism, under most of the circumstances he preferred Han Confucianism.

Qian Daxin commented on the Han Confucianism classical studies, mostly commented on the technical level, in other words, mostly on the instrumental level. As for the ideology of the Han Confucianism classical studies, Qian rarely touched on.

Character Evaluation

 * 1) Wang Junyi（王俊义）, a Qing historian, relatively commented on Qian Daxin's academic accomplishment, he pointed out that Qian Daxin had progressive political, and academical thoughts. Qian Daxin not only digging into the piles of paper, he was not separate from the real political struggle, and all kinds of questions in real life, there were different level reflects in Qian's academic reports. In addition, Wang Junyi also did research on Qian Daxin's concept of argumentation of speeches and essays.
 * 2) Zhou Qingshu （周清澍）, history professor in Inner Mongolia University, summarized the accomplishment of Qian Daxin in Confucian classical studies, history,bibliography, phonology,land, official, clan, age, history of Yuan dynasty, and etc.. Zhou also thinks, in the Qianlong and Jiaqing period, Qian was the most broad and profound historian, and he also advocated many subjects.
 * 3) Zhang Shunhui（张舜徽）, a history professor in Central China Normal University, wrote an article "Qian Daxin's Learning note" 《钱大昕学记》, Zhang fully commented on Qian Daxin's academic accomplishments, and he gave extremely high rating.
 * 4) Wang Jilu （王记录）,was the history department head in Henan Normal University，Wang pointed out the academical advocation and opinion of Qian Daxin. It's not only showing the academic characteristics of the Qianlong and Jiaqing period, and at some point it exceed how it supposed to be at that period of time. Seeking the truth from facts was the core of Qian Daxin's  study of rule.
 * 5) Ni Suoan（倪所安）, also thinks that Qian Daxin had extensive and profound knowledge, and he had accomplishment in the area of classical studies, study of history, phonology of ancient texts, poems and prose. Especially in the area of history, developed, and enriched the theory and method of Chinese history, established Qian's high status in Chinese history.
 * 6) Shi Ding（施丁）observed and studied about Qian Daxin's personality. Shi pointed out that had honest and humble characteristics,not only his behaviors, but also how he studied. He was nice, and honest to his fellow scholars. Qian was also respected and presented his ideas to senior scholars. To the ancient scholars,Qian only seek the truth from fact, but not making excessive demands. As for the younger generation, Qian sincerely guide and support. Comparing to the scholars overtimes, Qian was not arrogant and stingy, two undesirable characteristics. Shi thinks Qian's characteristics is worth to carry on.