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 * Foil(fencing) <<<

Source References
https://www.usafencing.org/weapons

https://www.olympic.org/fencing-equipment-and-history

http://www.physicalarts.com/en/knowledge/weapons/fencing-weapons

http://www.blue-gauntlet.com/Fencing-101_ep_46-1.html

https://www.usafencing.org/usa-fencing-rule-book

https://temple-news.com/the-technology-behind-fencing/

https://fie.org/fie/documents/rules More credible than usafencing

Background
There are two types of foil that are used in modern fencing. Both types are made with the same basic parts: the pommel, grip, guard, and blade. The main difference between them is one is electric, and the other is known as "steam" or "dry". The blades of both varieties are capped with a plastic or rubber piece, with a button at the tip in electric blades, that provides information when the blade tip touches the opponent. (There are also a range of plastic swords made by varying manufacturers for use by juniors.[citation needed]) Lacking the button and associated electrical mechanism, a judge is required to determine the scoring and the victor in a tournament with non-electric foils. Non-electric ones are primarily used for practice.[citation needed] The Fédération Internationale d'Escrime and most national organizations require electric scoring apparatus since the 1956 Olympics, although some organizations still fence competitively with non-electric swords.[citation needed]

Blade
Foil have standardized, tapered, quadrangular (rectangular) blades that are made of tempered and annealed, low-carbon steel —or maraging steel as required for international competitions. To prevent the blade from breaking or causing harm to an opponent, the blade is made to bend upon impact with its target. The maximum length of the blade must be 90 cm, The length of the assembled weapon at maximum is 110 cm, and the maximum weight must be less than 500g; however, most competition foil are lighter, closer to 350g. The blade of a foil has two sections: the forte (strong) which is the one third of the blade near the guard, and the foible (weak) which is the two thirds of the blade near the tip. There is a part of the blade contained within the grip called a tang. it extends past the grip enough to be fasten to the pommel and hold the rest of the foil together.

Guard assembly
The guard is fastened to the blade, plug, and grip. Then the pommel, a type of fastener, is attached to the grip and holds the rest together. The type of pommel used depends on the type of grip. Two grips are used in foil: straight traditional grips with external pommels (Italian, French, Spanish, and orthopedic varieties); and the newer design of pistol grips, which fix the hand in a specific, ergonomic position, with pommels that fit into a countersink in the grip.

Socket
The electric foil contains a socket underneath the guard that connects to the scoring apparatus via the body cord and a wire that runs down a channel cut into the top of the blade. Electric foil sockets are fixed so that the body cord plugs into the weapon at the fencer's wrist. There are two main sockets in use today: the "bayonette" which has a single prong and twists-locks into the foil, and the two prong, that has different diameters for each prong, held in place by a clip.