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Isoforms:

Like other protiens, the somatostatin receptor 2 also has variants. Somatostatin receptor 2 exists in two isoforms that are different in carboxy-terimini compositions and size. Alternative Splicing of The Somatostatin Receptor 2 mRNA resulted in two variants, somatostatin receptor 2a (SSTR2A) and somatostatin receptor 2b (SSTR2B). In a rodent, somatostatin receptor 2a is longer compared to the shorter somatostatin receptor 2b. Isoform a and isoform b sequences are different, beginning at the C-terminal regulatory domains. Studies have shown that carboxy-terminal splicing has occurred in many other transmembrane receptors, along with prostaglandin E receptor (EP3). These variants, SST2A receptor and SST2B receptor are seen in some brain and spinal cord areas in a rodent. Somatostatin receptor 2a has a shorter transcript, but is longer then Somatostatin receptor 2b and has a unique C- terminus compared to Somatostatin Receptor 2b. SSTRB receptor has approximately 300 nucleotides between carboxyl terminus and transmembrane segments fewer then the original Somatostatin receptor 2. SST2A receptor is made up of 369 amino acids and 346 amino acid s make up the SST2B receptor. Somatostatin Receptor 2a and Somatostatin Receptor 2b were found in the medulla oblongata, mesencephalon, testis, cortex, hypothalamus, hippocampus and pituitary of a rodent, using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Somatostatin receptor 2a is highly evident in the cortex, but the somatostatin  receptor 2b is not seen as much. The medeulla oblongata shows equal amounts of the two variants being expressed. The Somatostatin receptor 2a was found mostly in far down layers of the cerebral cortex, in the human brain. This variant of the Somatostatin receptor was found with the use of immunohistochemistry. The difference in ratios of the isoforms imply a tissue-specific control of transcription. Somatostatin receptor 2b is not shown expressed without Somatostatin receptor 2a in the brain.

Many studies have been done, that show that there is some value of the somatostatin receptor 2a isoform, in humans. Somatostatin receptor 2a has been shown to be expressed in some diseases. A study that included people who had surgery for medullary thyroid carcinoma, through 1988 and 2014 was done to observe the presents of the somatostatin receptor 2a, with the use of tissue miroarray. The results of this study showed that there is a correlation between the Somatostatin Receptor 2a and a longer overall survival in medullary thyroid carcinoma. Another study was done that included 35 people with Meningioma. Somatostatin receptor 2a expression was detected to be very sensitive and particular for meningioama. The results suggests that SST2A receptor can be beneficially used as a marker for the disease and useful for diagnosing for the disease as well.