User:Daniedit/sandbox

What is Down syndrome
Down syndrome (DS) is a genetic disease caused by a third copy of chromosome 21 (trisomy 21). Usually identified soon after conception, the increased protein expression of genes on chromosome 21 will cause a waterfall effect on a child’s developing brain, leading to multiple cognitive impairments including delays in the development of language and speech, cognitive development, and auditory short-term memory.

In addition to cognitive impairments, DS also inhibits the development of certain motor movement patterns, due to people with DS typically having a smaller cerebellum, cognitive delays, cardiac problems, and a less efficient nervous system. , all of which contribute to the decrease in motor movement efficiency when compared to those who are unaffected. The motor patterns most likely affected are: decision making, response selection and action planning, all of which will ultimately lead to poorer motor performance, which is further enhanced by the lapses in cognitive function.

Health problems are commonly associated with DS, with a high percentage of people with DS suffering from cardiac problems and obesity. Research supports a relationship between mental disabilities and some anthropometrical parameters such as body mass index, exercise and disability status. This is due to a restricted physical work capacity(due to reduced heart rate response to exercise), poor coordination, and reduced peak oxygen uptake.

Prevalence
DS occurs in roughly 1 in 800 births, and is the most commonly identified cause of mental retardation.

What is aerobic exercise
Aerobic exercise is a discipline of exercise that increases cardiovascular function. In clinical settings, aerobic exercise is prescribed to prevent or treat cardiovascular disease and improve quality of life.

Effective/popular types of aerobic exercise

 * Walking
 * Running
 * Swimming
 * Aquarobics
 * Cycling
 * Rowing
 * Boxing
 * Dancing