User:DanielWhernchend/Ladin grammar

This article outlines the grammar of the standard variant of Ladin language, Ladin Standard.

Nouns
The Ladin nouns (sostantif) are classified into either masculine or feminine genders, and inflected in two numbers, singular and plural, also have no grammatical cases. There are yet numerous irregularities on forming plurals.

Masculine nouns

 * Nouns ending in tonic vowels including accented vowels marking irregular stress (e.g. -ì, -é, -ò, etc.), ending in -i, monosyllabic nouns or diphthongs (e.g. -au, -ei, etc.) use the plural ending -s.
 * concei "council" → conceis
 * Except in the nouns pe, piesc; fre "brother", fredesc; and re, resc; latter are treated like nouns ending in non-tonic vowels.


 * Nouns in -a and -e use the plural ending -esc, sometimes -es (both endings make the last vowel removed).
 * berba "beard" → berbesc
 * ciochera → ciocheres
 * Except in the nouns Die "god", Dis and rie "thing", riei. Possessive pronouns also have irregular forms, see also.


 * Nouns ending in most consonants use the plural ending -s.
 * mur "wall" → murs


 * Nouns in -ch use the plural ending -c, sometimes -cs (both endings make the last consonant removed).
 * blanch "white" → blanc

Verbs
In Ladin, verbs are conjugated for tenses (present, imperfect, future), moods (indicative, subjunctive, imperative), persons (first, second, third), numbers (singular, plural), and non-finite tenses (infinitive, gerund, and past participle). The most marked feature in Ladin verbs is separate conjugations for normal and inverted word order positions. As in Romanian but not in Italian and other Romance languages, there are two separate first conjugation groups, the second of these (group 1B) contains the infix -ei-.